Maslow s Theory Of Human Motivation Essay - 1350 Words

In 1943 Humanistic Psychologist Abraham Maslow proposed his Theory of Human Motivation. In this paper he outlines what he believes to be a humans hierarchy of needs. Maslow suggests in his journal that one must meet the needs of the previous level before moving on to meet the needs of the next one on the hierarchy. According to Maslow there are 5 tiers of human needs: physiological, security, belonging, self-esteem, and self-actualization. In Welch, West Virginia Jeanette and her siblings must adjust their lifestyles in order to meet their human needs according to Maslow’s hierarchy. The physiological tier is the lowest level of Maslow’s hierarchy. This level contains the basic human needs such as food, water, and breathing. Throughout Jeanette Walls memoir, A Glass Castle, the Walls kids were in a constant battle with starvation. In the Glass Castle the children were never worried about regular teenage predicaments, such as what their hair looked like, or how they wer e going to impress a boy/girl that they liked. Instead they were forced to focus on if they were going to go hungry or not. Maureen had found a way to meet her physiological needs, she â€Å"always had plenty to eat, since she had made friends throughout the neighborhood and would show up at their houses around dinnertime.† The other children weren’t so lucky in the beginning; Jeanette had to resort to â€Å"rooting through the trash† and Jeanette suspected Brian did the same. Over time Jeanette was able to resolveShow MoreRelatedMaslow s Theory On Human Motivation1310 Words   |  6 PagesMaslow’s (1943) hierarchy of needs was one of the earliest theories developed on human motivation. With the basic principle that higher-level motives could not become active before the basic needs had been met (Lahey, 2001). Maslow suggested that these basic needs such as food, water and safety needed to be in place and satisfied before motivation to meet higher needs is possible and takes effect. Maslow (1943) organised these human needs into five sets and then arranged those into a pyramid, withRead MoreAbraham Maslow s Theory Of Human Motivation1670 Words   |  7 PagesAbraham Maslow Abraham Maslow was always visually examining the greater scope of human nature. Whereas most of his counterparts of his day seemed to be more concerned with a narrower scope, Maslow s own vision was far-reaching. His lifetime of revelations in motivation and personality transcended academic psychology, and extended into the major business fields of management and marketing. Maslow additionally explored how and individual perceives their existence and beginning to display signs ofRead MoreMaslow s Theory Of Human Motivation901 Words   |  4 PagesIn our everyday lives, we go through certain needs and behaviors. Abraham Maslow’s article of Theory of Human Motivation begins with the explanation of the Basic Needs of behavior. He goes over how our basic needs are safety, love, self-esteem, and self-actualization. (Physiological needs tend to go along with the other four needs.) When it comes to craving violence, four of the above needs apply to the given behavior. Starting with physiological needs; they are those needs that include survivalRead MoreMaslow s Theory Of Human Motivation1560 Words   |  7 Pagesof what ideology one follows, is â€Å"what motivates humans?† In the year of 1943, Abram Maslow wrote his paper A Theory of Human Motivation. In this paper, Maslow described a theory in which he claimed that all people had basic needs, and these needs were fulfilled in order of their importance to the individual. Each need would need to be met prior to working towards another need, eventually achieving the ultimate goal of self-actualization. This theory is the basis of the humanistic perspective, whichRead MoreThe Hierarchy Of Needs Theory Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesThe Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory Living beings act, and their behavior is driven by incentives, needs, and drives. Animals act only by their instinctive desires. The behavior of animals is due to instinctive desires rather than by thought. However, where does man s behavior originate from? Many psychologists have studied this topic with interest. Man s behavior is also influenced by human desires. However, how human desires influence human behavior is a very important issue. OnRead MoreMotivation, As The Causes Of Our Behaviour1644 Words   |  7 PagesMotivation Introduction Mitchell (1982, p.82) describes motivation as â€Å"the degree to which an individual wants and chooses to engage in certain specified behaviours†. Hence, in general, behaviour is determined by certain motives, thus, Vroom and Deci (1992, p.33) considered motivation â€Å"as the causes of our behaviour†. Moreover, according to Mullins (2013, p.245) motivation is concerned with question â€Å"why do people do what they do?†, because motivation is an inner driving force which leads to particularRead MoreEvaluate The Theory Of Motivation From Humanistic Perspective Essay1624 Words   |  7 PagesEvaluate the theory of motivation from the Humanistic perspective. By Marialena Posteraro Throughout this paper evaluation of motivation from a Humanistic perspective will be examined. Motivation is the drive within humans that makes us act, it is a process that influences goal directed behavior. Drives are considered internal factors that push an organism into action. Throughout our lives, we have certain drives within us that motivate us to behave and act in a certain way to fulfill ourRead MoreDr. Vroom s Expectancy Theory1577 Words   |  7 Pages D. Expectancy Theory Motivate Your Team by Linking Effort With Outcome Vroom s expectancy theory assumes that behaviour results from conscious choices among alternatives whose purpose it is to maximize pleasure and minimize pain. Together with Edward Lawler and Lyman Porter, Victor Vroom suggested that the relationship between people s behaviour at work and their goals was not as simple as was first imagined by other scientists. Vroom realized that an employee s performance is based on individualRead MoreAbraham Maslow Life Span Development and Personality1082 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Maslow Life Span Development and Personality Abraham Maslow was born April 1, 1908 in Brooklyn, New York. Abraham Maslow grew up in Brooklyn, New York, the first of seven children born to his Jewish parents who emigrated from Russia. His parents were uneducated, but they insisted that he study law. Maslow later described his early childhood as unhappy and lonely, and he spent much of his time in the library immersed in books. At first, Abraham acceded to their wishes and enrolled in theRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1741 Words   |  7 Pagesis discuss on the two theories: The Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and Herzberg’s. The Maslow’s hierarchy of needs include five levels, and at the certain extent, reflect the rule of human s activities on psychological and behavior. Herzberg’ describe the more details of worker agree or disagree about working. In this essay, more related knowledge details and effects will de described, then, analysis the two theories individual, choose a better one. II. Describe the two theories. 2.1Maslow’s hierarchy

Compare And Contrast Locke And Hobbes State Of Nature

In the following essay I will compare Hobbes’ account of the State of Nature, as depicted in his Leviathan, with Locke’s State of Nature put forward in his Second Treatise on Civil Government. Regarding the main differences, I will discuss how, for Hobbes, it is a state of war in which man is self-interested, and a government is required to oppose human nature. He concluded that there is no justice in nature, and notions of right and are wrong are mere social phenomena. Locke, on the other hand sees it as a state of equality, where man is fundamentally good. The need for Government is a need for human nature to be maintained, and there is a universal right to punish, which comes in three forms and allows for justice without war. I will†¦show more content†¦Locke is known for his appeal to reason, and see this as the way forward for harmony in state of nature, being equally able to regulate ourselves since reason teach us man â€Å"has not liberty to destroy hi mself, or so much as any creature in his possession, but where some nobler use than its bare preservation calls for it† . A glaringly obvious difference arises thus far then; anarchy for Hobbes is such that due to the constant danger of others attacking you and taking yours for their own, there is a constant state of aggression towards one another. Man is essentially self-interested and thinks only of increasing his possession and pleasures, behaving not out of reason but out of passion. For Locke, man has an unassailable moral compass that prevents him from doing what is wrong, and we know what is wrong from being made in God’s image. The two philosophers, therefore, understandably have very different ideas of justice in a state of nature. With no inviolable morality to speak of, acting purely from passion, man cannot draw upon it to settle disagreement or quarrel in a Hobbesian world. We require someone to enforce a justice system upon us, and to agree upon the statutes of that system. Otherwise, â€Å"where there is no common power, there is no law; where no law, no injustice. Force and fraud are inShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast the Views of the State of Nature Held by Hobbes and Locke.2718 Words   |  11 Pagesdefining the meaning of A State of Nature. As the likes of Hobbes, Rousseau and Locke wrote about it, it means man when he was natural in his state of nature, uninfluenced by society, and the temptations of today. There are no rights in a state of nature, only freedom to do as one wishes. It is a term used to illustrate the theoretical condition of civilization before the states foundation in Soc ial Contract Theories. In the dictionary it is described as â€Å"a wild primitive state untouched by civilizationRead MoreCompare and Contrast Hobbes’s and Locke’s Views of the State of Nature and the Fundamental Purpose of Political Society. Whose View Is the More Plausible? Why?1564 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and contrast Hobbes’s and Locke’s views of the state of nature and the fundamental purpose of political society. Whose view is the more plausible? Why? Introduction Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were both natural law theorists and social contracts theorists. While most natural law theorists have predominantly been of the opinion that humans are social animals by nature, Locke and Hobbes had a different perspective. Their points of view were remarkably different from thoseRead MoreBoth Hobbes And Locke Can Be Considered The â€Å"Founding Fathers†1685 Words   |  7 PagesBoth Hobbes and Locke can be considered the â€Å"Founding Fathers† of liberal political philosophy. Both theorists give their own accounts of human nature as well as how and what their concept of a government should look like. Hobbes and Locke also agree on most aspects of each other’s theories but also have contrasting opinions for their own notions. Hobbes’s conception of the best fitting government in which humans would be able to live freely and happily, would be that which is governed by an allRead MoreJohn Locke And Thomas Hobbes Compare And Co ntrast862 Words   |  4 Pages Locke vs. Hobbes Compare and Contrast Essay During and after the English Revolution (1642-1688), different philosophers acted differently towards the revolution , based on their ideas and personal experiences. John Locke and Thomas Hobbes stood out to be the most intelligent thinkers who argued in opposite ways. On the contrary they were similar in their approach for the use of reason. They both represented a trend in the 17th and 18th centuries to use reason as a final judgement. By analyzingRead MoreHobbes And Locke s Political Legitimacy1530 Words   |  7 PagesTheorists such as Hobbes and Locke, both of their account on political legitimacy might look quite similar at first glance, because each theorized about the nature of mankind and the right political systems that would meet the needs of individuals. However, in Hobbes’ perspective, political authority does not pre-exist in individual’s state of nature, rather, it is created by the social contract and serves to ensure self-preservation which is threatened in a state of nature. In contrast, Locke thought thatRead MoreGeorge Hobbes And Locke s Theories On Government, Human Nature, And Natural Law1661 Words   |  7 Pagesis easy to compare certain things because of their proximity to one another and because of their similar nature. For instance, I wrote about Basque and Catalonian independence in Spain. While it may be apt to say that they are the same for a number of reasons. They were inherently different because of the small details that change their trajectory to land close to each other but not in the same place. Much is the same when comparing Hobbes’ and Locke’s theories on government, human nature, and naturalRead MoreComparing John Locke s Views On Political Systems969 Words   |  4 PagesCompare and Contrast John Locke was a scholar who lived from 1632-1704. Locke worried about the absence of limitations on sovereign authority. As a man that was pro government for the people, he viewed politics as for the people or the people shall revolt. In stark contrast, Thomas Hobbes, who lived through much turmoil as well from 1588-1679, such as a civil war in Britain which lasted from 1642-1648 thought a sovereign leader was the only way to protect society from itself (Riemer, Simon, andRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Philosophies of John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Karl Marx843 Words   |  4 PagesCompare and Contrast the Philosophies of John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Karl Marx In the idea of human nature; origin of state, the nature of government, the rights of regulation can be drawn as the reflection of insightful philosophies of John Locke, Thomas Hobbes and Karl Marx. By understanding this within the context of human nature, we can see their ideas play to how they perceive a modern philosophy. Karl Marxs Communist Manifesto illustrates the desire to build a society without economicRead MoreThe Social Contract Theories Of Thomas Hobbes And John Locke1210 Words   |  5 PagesArnold Political Philosophy 4 February 2015 Compare and contrast the social contract theories of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke In the beginning of time, there was no government to regulate man. This caused a burden on society and these hardships had to be conquered, which is when a social contract was developed. The social contract theory is a model that addresses the questions of the origin of society and the legitimacy of the authority of the state over an individual (Bahuleyan). It rests onRead MoreHobbes vs. Locke2028 Words   |  9 PagesAshlyn Brunk Parson POS 352 October, 2012 Exam 1: Hobbes/Locke 1. Compare and contrast Hobbes and Locke on political power? In answering this question explain Locke’s argument against Hobbes’s understanding of â€Å"paternal† and despotical power. On the discussion of power and social structure, both John Locke and Thomas Hobbes introduce their theories on paternal and despotical power in Second Treatise of Government and Leviathan respectively. Both men believe that social order is constructed

Alternative Course Of Action / Interventions - 1607 Words

Alternative Course of Action/Interventions I would now like to propose some alternative courses of action to prevent low morale, dissatisfaction and high turnover rates for this non-profit organization. 1. ‘I Run 4 Mason’ can continue conducting business as they are. Other chapters of this organization is known, admired and respected throughout the country. You, the current leadership, are the pioneers for this organization and should be treated as such. Unfortunately, due to the lack of retention of new runners and the aging, injuries and falling enthusiasm of seasoned participants, the local chapter is unable to expand to new disabled individuals living in the area who would like to be a rider athlete. 2. Elect new leadership who are willing to dedicate their time and energy to enabling and empowering people to work together in a productive and goal oriented manner. There is no doubt that a volunteers heart is in the right place especially when they are willing to exert the amount of physical strength needed to push someone in a wheelchair for long distances. On the other hand, perhaps they are also exploring other aspects of volunteer work including meeting new people, developing new skills or experiencing the feeling of being needed. Leadership faces challenges when considering ones motives, attempting to decide who is undertaking this task for the right reason, but they must facilitate a healthy environment among a diverse group of volunteers with varying backgrounds,Show MoreRelatedEthical Decision Making : Ethical Decisions1047 Words   |  5 Pagesthat apply to this scenario, according to the CPA code of ethics (2000), I was able to identify the existence of conflict between respecting the woman’s desire to receive online counselling (Principle I) and not knowing whether online counselling intervention would effectively support her without causing harm (Principle II). However, it is also important that I adhere to Principle II and provide online support if the woman does not find it acceptable, within her culture and due to living in a remoteRead MoreSyria Civil War Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesName: Instructor: Course: Date: United States Intervention in Syria Introduction There are reports to suggest that mass casualty of chemical attack is unleashed in the suburbs of Damascus and this influences the long and contentious debate on the possible United States intervention in Syria civil war. According to reports, forces loyal to Syrian president Bashar Al Assad attacked the opposition controlling areas within the suburb with chemical weapons, where hundreds of civilians included women andRead MoreUse Of Restraints And Its Ethical Implications1652 Words   |  7 Pagespresent in today’s medical facilities. As well as reeducation for nursing staff on assessing and determining the presence of acute delirium rather than that of chronic dementia. Nurses hastily request the use of restraints without first implementing alternative methods and are often â€Å"misdiagnosing† unwanted behavior instead of looking for underlying issues or concerns. The American Journal of Nursing embarked on a series that addressed growing concerns related to the elderly population in the United StatesRead MoreScope Of Problem Essay1714 Words   |  7 Pagesand cognition (Arria DuPont, 2010). Which signals to the importance of implementing an effective intervention that can help students make informed decisions about drugs, learn the potential side effects, discover not to underestimate the dangerous effects of mixing drugs, and change the student’s self-efficacy and beliefs surrounding drug use. Program goals (1 page) The goal of this intervention, titled â€Å"Saluki’s Say STOP or S3† is to reduce opioid and stimulant misuse and overdose on the SouthernRead MoreSocial Worker s Style Of Counseling774 Words   |  4 Pagesinvolved in the case study. I will discuss my understanding of what the role of a social worker entitles. I will identify the issues I find wrong with the intervention and offer alternative interventions using the Person-Centered approach. Then, explain how Carl Roger’s Personality Theory explains where the client is. Analysis of Social Workers Action While the social worker was assigned to the child welfare case he discovered that his client and mother of two children was addicted to drugs and manyRead MoreEvidence Based Intervention Is Training The Caregiver Essay1190 Words   |  5 PagesAnother main focus of OT evidence-based intervention is training the caregiver so that they have an increased perceived competence and ability to handle and understand the behavior problems and functional decline of the person with NDD that they care for. OTs can positively impact the lives of both the patient and the caregiver, by taking time to work with the caregiver and train them in the NDD disease process, effective supervision, positive communication strategies, available resources, personalRead MoreSocial Policy: Definition, Concept, Source, Model Assumptions1440 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Policy The Oxford dictionary defined SP as ‘settled course of action followed and adopted by the government or a political party’. The word policy refers to the particular course of action followed because it happens to be useful for the time being whereas social refers to anything that got to do with the society and its betterment. SP can be defined as a series of public policies designed to promote social development, undertaken by a variety of actors through a range of instruments. SocialRead MoreApplying Ethical Frameworks For Practice Essay1221 Words   |  5 Pagesof ethical principles to resolve dilemmas in the workplace. Milton (2014) defined ethics as encompassing a methodical approach to decision-making and as a disciplined reflection on the moral choices individuals make. To arrive at an appropriate intervention, nurses and other health care providers must employ an efficient and organized process to identify an ethical dilemma to determine a viable solution (Grand Canyon University [GCU], 2011). This paper will identify an ethical dilemma in a case scenarioRead MoreEffects Of Cigarette Smoking Among Adult Smokers1264 Words   |  6 Pagesremained the same as in previous years. This paper evaluates the findings in the assessment conducted by Los Angeles County Department of Health Services. The inf ormation obtained from the assessment will aid in providing an outline for planning interventions for community health in Duval County, Jacksonville, FL. Also the paper uses the evaluation from the assessment to see what tools can be used in public policy planning. Many people know that the use of tobacco is detrimental to anyone’sRead MoreEnd-of-Life Care640 Words   |  3 PagesAn individual patient solution may include actions of a clinician such as a trial of therapy (Schlairet, 2013). Providers may propose a trial of therapy for an impaired patient that may offer greater clarity as to whether or not the patient is end stage or has a likely positive outcome. An agreement to neither intensify nor expand critical care interventions should accompany the trial if the patient’s condition weakens. A transfer of patient by the surrogate decision maker may be another potential

Swot Analysis Of Mcdonald s Australia Holdings - 1552 Words

SWOT analysis of McDonald’s Australia Holdings 1. Executive analysisAustraliaï ¼Å¡SWOT analysis of McDonald’s Australia Holdings ä » £Ã¥â€ â„¢ This report intends to evaluate the external and internal environment of McDonald’s Australia Holdings, in which new product is to be realized and defining strategies appropriate to its realization. In this report, it will analyze the external and internal environments (SWOT) of the McDonald’s Australia Holdings, which includes the strengths, weakness, opportunities and the threats. This is used to identify the critical factors that may affect McDonald’s Australia Holdings’ new product and then build on its strengths to reduce the weaknesses , exploit opportunities and avoid potential threats. Besides, based on the SWOT analysis, this report will talk identify a relevant strategy, that is the W-O strategy meaning that improve the weakness and gain the opportunity rounding them. Further more , this report may also identify and describe a target market of the McDonald’s Australia Holdings, and would like to helps to develop a suitable new product for the company to introduce for this target market. Based on that, this report will firstly make an introduction of the company, McDonald’s Australia Holdings, where includes its relevant history, the current market and the product lines et al. Subsequently, it will make a further analysis of the SWOT analysis, in which it may present the SWOT analysis in a table format and rank the dimensions. After that,Show MoreRelatedMarketing Plan For The Fast Food Industry Essay1570 Words   |  7 Pagesperforming the market analysis, consumer behavior analysis and the environmental analysis mainly supports in maintaining the focus for strategic incorporation of the innovative marketing strategies and channels. 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The objective of this report is to review current strategies used by Just Group with regarding to seven traits model according to Schumann, P. A. 1994. Besides, future strategies recommendation will be providedRead MoreMarketing and Aesop12007 Words   |  49 Pagescare products from Australian company Aesop Retail Pty Ltd. Aesop was founded by hairdresser Dennis Paphitis in 1987 in the city of Melbourne. It is an Australian based super premium cosmetic company that has significant presence in Asia-Pacific, Australia and North America with the capability of generating A$49 million revenue in 2012. The objective of the report is to incorporate marketing theory with in-depth research that makes up a strategic marketing plan to provide relevant and sufficient informationRead MoreVitasoy6494 Words   |  26 PagesTABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 II. INTRODUCTION AIMS OF STUDY 4 III.METHODOLOGY 5 IV. DISCUSSION, ANALYSIS FINDINGS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 4.1 Story and Background of Vitasoy International Holdings Ltd................ 6 4.2 Vission and Mission with Evaluation 6 4.3 Strategy Formulation Analylital Framework 7 4.4 Strategy Formulation : External and Internal Assessment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...7 4.4.1 Internal Factor EvaluationRead MoreMarketing Plan Outline for iPhone 55386 Words   |  21 Pagespopulations. Websites, special forums, and blogs had been designated to discuss this new smart phone (McDonald, 2011). 2.0 Situation analysis With the assistance of PEST analysis, we can conduct a situation analysis in terms of the future market and the direction of Apples operations. The PEST analysis consists of the political, technological, social, and economic factors. Since PEST analysis is a powerful tool, the study has tried to simplify it. 2.0.1 Political factors Currently, the businessRead MoreMcdonal Class 12 Project7889 Words   |  32 Pageswikipedia.org | | | 6 | CORPORATE OVERVIEW | www.wikipedia.org | | | 7 | MARKETING MIX | www.marketing91.com | | | 8 | SWOT ANALYSIS | www.slideshare.netwww.scribd.comtalkfinanceonline.com | | | 9 | CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET OF MCDONALD’S | www.aboutmacdonalds.com | | | 10 | QUESTIONNAIRE | www.slideshare.netwww.scribd.com | | | 11 | SURVEY RESULT ANALYSIS | - | | | 12 | THE TOP FIVE REASONS WHY MCDONALD’S IS SO POPULAR | www.infobarrel.com | | | 13 | CONCLUSION | - | | |Read MoreMcdonalds Case Study Project Managment9278 Words   |  38 PagesContents 1. Introduction 1.1 History of McDonalds 1.2 Philosophy of the company 2. Task 1: SWOT Analysis 2.1 Strengths 2.2 Weakness 2.3 Opportunities 2.4 Threats 3. Task 2: McDonalds Plan to Win Strategy 3.1 Implementation of key elements new Strategies 3.2 SWOT Analysis and Plan to Win 4. Task 3: McDonalds 2003-2009 Strategy 4.1 McDonalds Dynamic Strategy 4.2 Strategies Comparison 5. Task 4: McDonalds Competitors 5.1 Wendys

Effective Crisis Communication Moving Crisis to Opportunity

Question: Discuss about the Effective Crisis Communication for Moving Crisis to Opportunity. Answer: Introduction Crises management is a process through which an organization deals with a disruptive and unexpected event that can harm its image in public. Various multinational organizations face crises due to their bad choices. The three common elements to a crisis are threat to the organization, the element of surprise and a short decision time. Risk management involves management and assessment of potential threats and findings in order to overcome threats (Barrett, 2014). Organizations are focused on forming a robust framework to achieve sustainable growth. General Motors has faced crises in past years but the 2014 crises due to its vehicle malfunctioning greatly harmed the companys image. The automotive company came up with a strategy under the guidelines of CEO Mary Barra. She helped them to systematically combat against the crises caused in 2014 due to newspaper report accusing the company for road accidents and deaths. This particular incidence bought various regulatory authorities under q uestion. The organization is still facing the consequences caused due to it (Maiorescu, 2016.). crises are an inseparable part in an organization tenure and they occur at every place no matter how big or small the organization size is. The most important part of crises management is the ability to overcome the crisis situation and set an example for the rest of the world (Heineman, 2014). Appropriate case Identification The case is related to General Motors deadly ignition switch defect that caused crises of inattention, deferral of responsibility and lack of accountability. 13 people were killed due to the negligence of the company. The whole company came under criticism as it was reported that the company was already aware about the default in the engine. Customers across the globe lost their trust in GM which led to decrease in sales and hence affected the revenue (Booth,2015). Analysis of Issue An automotive company knows that its products can cause harm to its customers should take appropriate measures to stop them. The necessary actions need to be taken under consideration while reporting issue to The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to derive an appropriate remedy. General Motors faced extreme crises in the year 2014 due to ignition switch recall (Cheng,2016). The recall caused a long running internal cultural issue in the organization. The employees were discouraged to speak up and were instead asked to focus on the bottom line. The automotive company faced a recall of 8, 00,000 GM vehicles. There were approximately 31 vehicle accidents and 13 deaths caused due to malfunction of engine and airbags. The company faced more recalls shortly after February 2014 which accounted 2.6 million. GM has faced more than 2000 compensation claims for the sufferers of faculty switch (Ulmer,Sellnow and Seeger, 2013). As per the internal investigation the company wa s aware about the defects since the early 2000s. The company faced multiple moral and legal obligations towards the families and victims. The automotive company went through serious issue which posed serious question on its goodwill. The new CEO Mary Barra helped the company to overcome the issue through its systematic strategies (Crandall, Parnell and Spillan,2013). Application of theories and strategies General Motors has been in the headlines due to failure to fix an ignition switch problem in the year 2014. This particular situation gave an opportunity to all business leaders to review their strategies. It is providing them with an efficient tool to overcome the crises occurring in an organization. Business whether big or small needs a strategy to overcome crises if something goes wrong (McCarthy,2014). A small mistake can lead to inevitable crises in the organization affecting its goodwill. The company needs to identify the area of default in order to plan crises occurring in future. By having a proper planning mechanism the company can minimize the damage to the companys goodwill. In case of General Motors, if the company has taken preliminary actions in advance over the information of release. The delay has badly affected General Motors worldwide (Lorsch and McTague,2016). GMS new CEO Mary Barra has proved that she is calm and confident under intense pressure. She has made clear that, there primary motive is to focus on customer culture instead of cost culture. GM in the press conference has apologized and left the impression that they are worthy to deal with such situations. In a statement to employees she has made clear that employees behavior will help in deciding the future of the organization. They focused on developing a systematic strategy in order to overcome crises (Coombs,2014). During crises it has become important to determine a communication team in order to resolve customers query. A general motor during the crises has developed a toll free number to address customers complain. This has helped the company to register in record information related to malfunctioning. The crisis communication team has helped in addressing the individual issues. The company adopted a pro-active approach later calling vehicles having defects. They paid compensation to the families and victims for their loss caused due to default in vehicle. This approach has helped company to deal with every individual customer. This has helped them in regaining confidence of customers again (Walker, ET AL.2016). It was essential at that time Select a spokesperson to represent the companys point of view. Mary Barra represented her company well enough during the time of crises by addressing to each complaint. She has addressed every individual query made during the press conference. She made her concern clear during the press meet that the company is dedicated towards the commitment they have made to its people. General Motors has established a plan that focus on developing future venture. This has become important for an organization to develop a better effective plan in order to inform people about faults. Marry apologized in public and mentioned clearly that the company will eliminate fault in overall mechanism (Groh,2014). Media strategy helped GM to overcome the damage caused to their goodwill. A strong media relation helped in communicating the information to the public that has effectively helped to communicate information systematically to the public. The media strategy created by GM has made an effective impression in the mind of customers worldwide. The media strategy on a long run helped in putting forward the companys point of view. It is recommended to a company undergoing serious crises to strengthen media strategy by focusing of managing Public relation. This will help in achieving long term goals (Mitroff and Alpaslan,2014). GMs CEO accepted their weakness and fault in ignition engine. While apologizing to public they accepted their fault and amounted compensation for the victims. The company is clarified its positions in front of all stakeholders. They even paid a fine of $ 35 million for risking life of people. Barra took everything in her hand and at time when no one was ready to take responsibility she shifts the focus of the company from one on cost to customer safety. Since 1970s the culture of General Motor was like a sponge, it used to bounce back to its previous shape. Barra made her point clear while stating the strategies of the company by removing its bureaucratic culture. They rolled out their three core values which include: customer is their compass, relationship is important and individual excellence is crucial. General Motors has incorporated these values in order to achieve desired goal and to manage crises. They encourage employees to share idea inn companys interest. They urged employees to speak up for safety issues and to come forward in case they find any issue. This culture in the organization will help in drifting the value. Efficient communication in between employees and management will help in achieving desired objectives. Employees were stuck in long standing cult ure shaped due to previous practices. The organization was earlier using traditional methods to interact with employees. Barras interaction with the employees through social media channel has helped in attaining attention. Social media websites have become an important tool for the companies to reveal their commitment (Harte,2014). The new commitment strategy has helped to remain committed to majority of goals. Staying true towards customers will help them to stay close to the objective. The social media center was opened at Detroit in the year 2013, April. There duty is to monitor enthusiast through 400 social media center. This helps in operating issues of customers as and when complain is being registered. Social Media helps in building reputation of the company. Barra is timely taking report from the social media team to understand the view of individual customer and stakeholder (Mukherjee, 2014). Planning committee under the guidance of CEO Mary Barra has taken significant actions after crises. This has helped the organization to overcome situation aroused out of crises due to ignition engine. Under such a situation systematic planning has helped them to attain their objectives in order to achieve distinguished results in future (Shepherd and Vardiman, 2016). Media and environmental scanning GM faced allegation and accusations across the world due to the fault in ignition engine. The fault has affected the goodwill of GM and they are still trying to cope up with the situation. The accidents and death caused due to fault in the engine. There were 2.6 million recalls which has drastically affected the image of the brand. PEST analysis helps in understanding the situation of the company due to crises. It helps in understanding the macro environmental factors to ensure the effects of external factor on the company growth. Political Members of the House committee asked General Motors CEO Mary Barra and a federal safety regulator over the death of 13 people due to fault in the engine. It created a fury in the market and has put different regulatory bodies under question. Economic The whole continent was facing recession in the year 2008. People around were trying to curtail their expenses in order to survive in the market. it deeply impacted the macro-environmental factors resulted in unemployment. As an automobile company te crises has deeply affected the economic condition reducing the revenue. The company had a huge burden to pay compensation to the victims. Social General Motors has been a global leader for almost seventy years. People across the globe trust them for providing efficient services to its customers. The incidence in 2014 has badly affected their image. They have lost a significant amount of market after 2014 but it is due to the efforts of Marry Barra, the organization is again gaining interest. Technology The company was previously at an advantageous place due to their high-end technology. The fault in the ignition engine has affected the brand image. They have started looking for other automobile brand that they can trust. Recall of 2.6 million vehicle caused harm to the brand image. They have made changes in the new model after the defaults were recognized. Stakeholders The stakeholders lost their faith in the company. Investors were under confusion caused due to the accidents. The reputation of company was under stake. They made huge losses due to the fault of the company. under such a turbulent situation Mary Barra held the company interest and helped in creating faith in the company. employees were directed to work in the faith of the company and to share every minor detail with the management. Strategies The major strategy of General Motors was to build customers faith. It was difficult for a company like GM to again rebuild the interest after such a huge incidence. But the CEO of the company has helped in reshaping the faith again. This has helped them to achieve desired growth even after continuous loss in 2014. They effectively worked together with the employees to understand the situation. Employees at default were suspended from the company. Conclusion Crises are an inevitable part in an organization though they affect the goodwill to a large extent. General Motors is a company working consistently in a good faith of its customers. The default in the ignition engine has affected the reputation of the company. However the CEO Mary Barra has helped the company in overcoming the situation by regaining the faith in both customers and employees. For a company like General Motors it has become important to build a good reputation in order to attain sustainable results. References Barrett,P.2014. Why GM Keeps Swerving From Apology to Aggression in Recall Crisis. Online. Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-05-19/gm-strategy-amid-liability-crisis-ranges-from-apology-to-aggression Accessed on 19 January 2017. Booth, S.A., 2015. Crisis management strategy: Competition and change in modern enterprises. Routledge. Cheng, Y., 2016. Who Is Leading Whom in the General Motors Recall: Understanding Media Impacts on Public Relations Efforts, Public Awareness, and Financial Markets. Research Journal of the Institute for Public Relations, 3(1), pp.1-25. Coombs, W.T., 2014. State of crisis communication: Evidence and the bleeding edge. Research Journal of the Institute for Public Relations, 1(1), pp.1-12. Crandall, W.R., Parnell, J.A. and Spillan, J.E., 2013. Crisis management: Leading in the new strategy landscape. Sage Publications. Groh, M., 2014. Strategic management in times of crisis. American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 6(2), p.49. Harte, J., 2014. Management crisis and business revolution. Transaction Publishers. Heineman Jr, B.W., 2014. The Crisis Management Lesson from Toyota and GM:Its Our Problem the Moment We Hear About It. Harvard Business Review. Lorsch, J.W. and McTague, E., 2016. Culture is not the culprit. Harvard Business Review. Maiorescu, R.D., 2016. Crisis management at General Motors and Toyota: An analysis of gender-specific communication and media coverage. Public Relations Review, 42(4), pp.556-563. McCarthy,M. 2014. How GM Can Steer Through Crisis of Ignition-Switch Recall. Online. Available at: https://www.adageindia.in/How-GM-Can-Steer-Through-Crisis-of-Ignition-Switch-Recall/articleshow/45735763.cms Accessed on 19 January 2017. Mitroff, I.I. and Alpaslan, C.M., 2014. The Crisis-prone Society: A Brief Guide to Managing the Beliefs that Drive Risk in Business. Springer. Mukherjee, S., 2014. The Use of Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn etc. as Strategic Tools for Crisis Communication. International Journal of Management and International Business Studies, 4(2), pp.175-180. Shepherd, I.J. and Vardiman, P., 2016. The General Motors Ignition Switch Incident Viewed Through a Proposed Economic Impact Severity Index. Journal of Management Policy and Practice, 17(1), p.36. Ulmer, R.R., Sellnow, T.L. and Seeger, M.W., 2013. Effective crisis communication: Moving from crisis to opportunity. Sage Publications. Walker, S.M., Earnhardt, M.P., Newcomer, J.M., Marion Jr, J.W. and Tomlinson, J.C., 2016. Crisis Leadership During the Great Recession of 2008. International Journal of Leadership and Change, 4(1), p.9.

Services Marketing & Relationship Marketing - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theServices Marketing Relationship Marketingfor Coles. Answer: The reflective essay sheds light on the marketing services and relationship marketing of an organisation. The services provided by an organisation determine its relationship and effectiveness of marketing strategies. The reflective essay focuses on the importance of front-stage and backstage activities of an organisation. These activities are important in order to maintain the flexibility of an organisation and ensure that the internal and external threat factors are mitigated successfully. A description about the significance of the services encountered by the customers and employees; along with the managerial implications of the activities are provided in the essay. For the purpose of the essay and a better understanding of the impact of front stage and backstage activities, Coles has been chosen. A flowchart is provided in order to conceptualise the effects in a clear manner. Coles is a famous retail department store in Australia. Set up in 1914, the organisation is situated in Melbourne. Presently the company owns AUD$22.1 billion assets and accounts for more than 80% of the Australian market. In 2007, Wesfarmers approached to purchase Coles for AUD$22 billion. By 2008, the purchase of the company was complete. In the modern day, the company launched a new website by the name of Coles Online to provide online shopping services to its customers (Coles.com, 2017). In my opinion, the front-stage and backstage activities of Coles help it to maintain its dominance in the Australian market. With a continuous threat coming from Woolworths, the implications of a proper managerial strategy can help the company to maximise its sales. According to Markham, (2013), front-stage activities are the interactions that take place between the customers and the service providers. The interactions include communication with the customers, receiving feedbacks, providing after sales or before sales services and so on. These interactions help an organisation to complete itself and work hard towards achieving its goals of satisfying customers. The backstage activities, on the other hand, are the type of activities that are not visible to the customers. These include the strategies, service chain, manufacturing processes that are done within the organisational boundaries and rules (Liu et al., 2017). In the light of this statement, I can state that both these activities are important for the success of an organisation. Working harmoniously can help in the progress of an organisation. I have observed that the more the amount of interaction with the customers the better it is for the reputation of an organisation. In the case of C oles, the application of such a concept can help it to gain a competitive edge over its rivals. Hence, a flowchart of the types of services offered by Coles can be used to analyse its effectiveness. From the flowchart, it can be seen that several sub-divisions exist under both categories that help it to distinguish between the services. These categories are unique and form the foundations of an organisation. For example, the facilities of an organisation, its contact personnel and the promotional techniques help it to attract and interact with customers. In the case of Coles, these factors are important to satisfy customers because the appearance of the company is also analysed by the customers. The back-stage factors include the number of employees, the strategies taken by the managers and the number of orders that need to be carried out. La Rocca et al., (2017) stated that these activities are equally important as the front-stage activities. I am of the same view, as these activities are co-related to another. I have observed that without a proper strategy and a sufficient number of employees, an organisation cannot maintain itself. The results from the front-stage activities prompt the managers to take action at the backstage. For example, if a customer returns a particular product of Coles, then the managers gave to investigate the cause of the failure of the product. This is done at the backstage of Coles so that customers or rival companies do not have access to seek out strategic information (Brockhoff Hauschildt, 2013). In this regard, it can be said that the service encounters between customers and employees of Coles can be determined by the front-stage analysis. It can be seen that Coles need to maintain its focus on the satisfaction of the customers. This includes providing proper after sales service, guiding customers inside the store and solving any queries related to product or price. Proper contact personnel need to be identified that can take care of the needs of the customers (Sandstrm, Berglund Magnusson, 2014). In this way, customers can remain happy and contribute to the success of the organisation. Apart from employees, it is also needed that Coles install equipment that is convenient for the use of the customers. This is mainly because of the fact that customers prefer to handle equipment that is easy to use and light to carry. In the case of online purchase, a less complicated payment method may help Coles to satisfy customers. Based on this analysis I can say that service encounter is important for Coles. Based on the services provided by the company, the customers can remain satisfied. Apart from this, the backstage operations of Coles can also fluctuate. The back-stage operations or activities are the managerial implications of a company. The managers of every company take strategic decisions that contribute to the profitability and success of a company (Sderlund, 2017). The first major decision that needs to be made is the satisfaction of employees. This is mainly because a dissatisfied, employee can misguide customers and lead to a fall in the reputation of the organisation. This is also important in the case of Coles. The managers of Coles need to keep the employees satisfied and motivated. The employees need to be given proper authority to take decisions regarding the welfare of the organisation. The back-stage activities also involve formulating strategies based on the orders and/or replacement of the products (Brockhoff Hauschildt, 2013). The managers need to ensure that the strategies are communicated with the employees so that mistakes can be avoided in the organisation. Thus, after analysing the backstage activities, I opin e that the managerial implications of the strategies and the thoughts about the welfare of the companies need to be made depending upon the level of success of an organisation. In the case of Coles, the implications made by the managers need to be such that the organisation outgrows its competitors and improve its reputation in the Australian retail market. Thus, I can conclude that for an organisation to exist successfully, it is necessary that the front-stage and backstage work simultaneously. This is important in order to gain a competitive advantage. The activities involved in these two stages need to be managed well in the proper departments so that the goals of the organisation can be reached. After analysing this topic, I can say that the implications of strategies by a manager are based on the service encounters between the customers. In the case of Coles, the main aim is to maintain the reputation and work on growth. Hence, the implications of these strategies and techniques are important for the organisation. Reference Brockhoff, K., Hauschildt, J. (Eds.). (2013).The dynamics of innovation: strategic and managerial implications. Springer Science Business Media. Coles.com (2017). Retrieved 21 August 2017, from https://www.coles.com.au/ Kazemzadeh, Y., Milton, S. K., Johnson, L. W. (2015). Service blueprinting and process-chain-network: an ontological comparison.International Journal of Qualitative Research in Services,2(1), 1-12. La Rocca, A., Hoholm, T., Mrk, B. E. (2017). Practice theory and the study of interaction in business relationships: Some methodological implications.Industrial Marketing Management,60, 187-195. Liu, Y. F., Xu, Y., Ling, I. L. (2017). The impact of backstage cues on service evaluation.International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences,9(2). Markham, S. K. (2013). The Impact of Front?End Innovation Activities on Product Performance.Journal of Product Innovation Management,30(S1), 77-92. Sandstrm, C., Berglund, H., Magnusson, M. (2014). Symmetric assumptions in the theory of disruptive innovation: Theoretical and managerial implications.Creativity and Innovation Management,23(4), 472-483. Sderlund, M. (2017). Employee display of burnout in the service encounter and its impact on customer satisfaction.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,37, 168-176.