A Case Study on Domestic Violence Against Women

Naturally, ladies are on a similar level as menâ€point for point, capacity and ability, limit and potential. In any case, the physical characteristics of ladies frequently put them on a lower rung, inferable from natural factors, for example, proliferation that make women’s bodies generally littler and less solid. This hole is the place the idea of aggressive behavior at home works, especially the demonstration submitted by a man against his female partner.Many ladies are known to be inclined toward staying quiet about abusive behavior at home, since they are generally of low mental self view and are under consistent despondency. A battered lady is the consequence of abusive behavior at home, which happens when a person in a marriage or close connection endeavors to control and overwhelm different (Davies, et al, 2007). On the beginning, there are no apparent contrasts between a standard lady, and one who is a survivor of aggressive behavior at home; both, exceptionally the individuals who take part in different groups of friends, consistently put in their absolute best effort, as a rule.However, the â€Å"healthy† lady stays to be a beneficial, working individual from the general public where she has a place, in full control of her capacities; while the â€Å"battered† lady shows indications of absence of enthusiastic control, dietary problems, and manifestations of liquor misuse. A lady experiencing aggressive behavior at home turns into a battered lady through an acceleration of three unique stages: pressure building, blast, and quiet. The pattern of misuse and battery agrees with the woman’s mind, since the last stage, otherwise called the wedding trip stage, emphatically fortifies whatever worries she may have against her accomplice (Rubenstein, 2004).Hence, a particular term was instituted to allude to the example of suggestive conduct and mental characteristics evident in ladies part of rough connections. Generally, four qu alities characterize what is known as the â€Å"battered woman’s syndrome†: She accepts she made the savagery occur. She is unequipped for attributing the viciousness focused on somebody other than herself. She regularly fears for her and her children’s lives and security. She accepts that her abuser can do and see everything without exception (Walker, 1984). II. Asylums for Battered WomenFollowing the affirmation of conditions characterizing aggressive behavior at home and battery, ladies casualties may look for assurance in various battered women’s shields over the United States. Every one of them are furnished with 24-hour hotlines, and focus on classification. Three prerequisites are to be clung to: (1) the lady must be prepared and ready to leave her home to shield herself and her kids from more maltreatment, (2) the lady ought to carefully adhere to the shelter’s secrecy rules to guarantee the security of other inhabitant, and (3) the lady do esn't require a controlling request to be acknowledged in the haven (CRII, 2001-2008).III. National Coalition Against Domestic Violence Collectively, the NCADV expects to advance objectives and outlooks in people and networks who put stock in consummation patterns of brutality and misuse. It pronounces that savagery against ladies originates from the aspiration to keep up control just as maltreatment of intensity, and its strategic to actualize decides that will guarantee change to wipe out reasons for brutality and battery.The NCADV is comprised of individuals who really care about the predicament of battered ladies and their families in the city and open country, paying little heed to ethnicity, financial class, or religion. Today, the NCADV is liable for more than 2,000 safe houses for ladies and administration programs (NCADV, 2005). References Rubenstein, Lori S. (2004). â€Å"Battered Woman’s Syndrome†. Separation Net. site, got to on 18 August 2008 at http://www . divorcenet. com/states/oregon/or_art02 Davies, Pat, et al. (2007). â€Å"Domestic Violence and Abuse†. Helpguide. organization website,accessed on 18 August 2008 at http://www. helpguide. organization/mental/domestic_violence_abuse_types_signs_causes_effects. htm National Coalition Against Domestic Violence (2005). â€Å"Mission Statement and Purpose†. NCADV site, got to on 18 August 2008 at http://www. ncadv. organization/aboutus. php Community Resources Information, Inc. (2001-2008). â€Å"What are covers for battered ladies? † CRII site, got to on 18 August 2008 at http://www. massresources. organization/pages. cfm? ContentID=23&pageID=2&Subpages='yes'&SecondLevelDynamicID=761&DynamicID=469

Pakistan National Conservation Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Pakistan National Conservation Strategy - Essay Example The structure of the Institute was started by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature-Pakistan (IUCN-P) with critical help from the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), appreciatively recognized as the Institute's key wellspring of institutional help. The advisory group detailed for the constitution of SDPI counseled government authorities, scholastics, savvy people, NGOs and columnists while defining the by-laws and recognizing the principal Board of Governors. During eleven years of SDPI's presence, there have been six changes in government. SDPI, as an approach situated research organization, has needed to restore associations with government each time the organization has changed. In spite of this moderately temperamental world of politics, SDPI has, and expects to keep on delivering quality approach research and promoter majority rule administration and ace individuals activities. to add to reinforcing the social and physical framework for inquire about in Pakistan including the development and spread of databases and research lists and the improvement of library frameworks There has been little revision to the current command and objectives of the Institute. In any case, there has been a procedure of explanation and prioritization. We are quick to hold the qualities that have made SDPI the profoundly regarded Institute it is. We are likewise mindful that a procedure of rebuilding and changing needs is fundamental to amplify our similar bit of leeway and guarantee we keep on improving our adequacy. The techniques underneath mirror these requirements and wants: reinforce linkages between approach, research, backing and preparing keep up the straightforward, participatory, 'moral

Sonnet 23 Essays (526 words) - Sonnet 23, Sonnet, Sonnet 65

Poem 23 This poem shows Shakespeare's extraordinary capacity of playing with words. As per him an individual is tongue-tied when he has either excessively or too little to even think about saying. He delineates his thought by giving a case of an unperfect entertainer who overlooks his lines in front of an audience and all the more inquisitively, some furious thing whose heart is debilitated by the heaviness of his own quality. This utilization of Catch 22 adds force to the work and establishes the framework for the accompanying quatrain. The main quatrain resembles the quietness before a tempest; the manner in which it is introduced recommends that there is a whole other world to come. The on-screen character and the brute are gathered to serve just as analogs to Shakespeare's twofold edged logical introduction in quatrain 2 of affection's anguished absence of words: So I, inspired by a paranoid fear of trust, neglect to state The ideal service of adoration's ritual, What's more, in mine own adoration's quality appear to rot, O'ercharged with weight of mine own adoration's strength. The persona here looks at him to the characters coaxed in Q1. In a section, for example, this, the separation between the creating creator and the imaginary speaker nearly disappears, as it is anything but difficult to envision that Shakespeare, an ace of articulation, would reveal to himself that an ideal function of affection could be concocted. Another viewpoint deserving of note is the manner in which the expression mine own affection's has been utilized over and again; in line 7 the persona talks about the rot of his adoration and in the following line he discusses its quality. This twofold stranglehold is a very intriguing case, and is wonderfully communicated here. The first and second quatrains can be coupled together as they fundamentally depict a similar thought. The work in this way can be partitioned into two sections rather than four. An octet followed by a sestet. While the octet talks about the persona's tongue-tiedness, the sestet is a supplication to his dearest to comprehend the profundity of his affection. 'O, let my books be then the persuasiveness/And moronic presagers of my talking bosom?' the persona here wishes that his composing be the quiet and honest foreteller of all the affection in his heart. Q3, in indicating the darling's inclination for an opponent writer, tongue that more hath increasingly communicated, attributes the tongue-tiedness of the speaker to his new view of the corrupted judgment practiced by the dearest. From the outset, because of a paranoid fear of trust (line 5) may appear to mean, dreading my own forces, yet when the anonymous opponent enters the scene (line 12), we see the tongue-tiedness rather as a d read of confiding in the possibly fickle adored. Moreover, the verbal parallelism of the octet is supplanted by a sporadic line-movement as the persona's unsettling accomplishes full power. The sestet closes with the disappointing dumbfounded state of the darling finding a method of talking, by going amiss into the third individual in the last line: To hear with eyes has a place with cherishes fine mind. It is an axiom instituted by the persona and it to some degree invalidates his deficiency. It has a feeling of pride and gives an ideal end to the sonnet. Shakespeare Essays

Is Reading Fiction a Waste of Time free essay sample

Despite the fact that by perusing these books, our minds extended and our innovativeness developed. Creative mind is one of the numerous characteristics of a solid mind and can help shape the thoughts of people in the future to come. So imagine a scenario where they are â€Å"fake,† so are numerous different things, including T. V. shows and motion pictures. Yet, individuals despite everything love those things. So for what reason is everybody just singling out fiction books? Out of those, fiction books are the most instructive. They are unquestionably not an exercise in futility and fiction books are appropriate for any age. Fiction books consistently have a good to their story, regardless of what age level you are perusing at. These books show us the estimations of adoration, kinship, family and numerous different things. Writers who compose fiction books take a genuine circumstance and give it their own turn with their creative mind and inventiveness. Fiction is an approach to present certain ideas and ethics through character decisions. We will compose a custom paper test on Is Reading Fiction a Waste of Time or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In these accounts, we may take a gander at specific issues on the planet through the eyes of the fundamental characters. Every day, we are compelled to confront reality and whatever life tosses at us. Wouldn’t you like to peruse a novel and envision yourself from their perspective? Or then again envision what they would do in yours? For what reason would it be advisable for us to confront reality when we can float off into a decent book? It’s in some cases important to escape from awful minutes throughout everyday life. Fiction is incredible for the brain and everybody should peruse somewhat a greater amount of it. These books are extraordinary for simply overlooking whats around you for some time, unwind, and dispose of all the pressure. There’s evidence that cheerful individuals live more. Considerably in the wake of clarifying all the beneficial things that come out of perusing a fiction books, there are still a few cynics. They state that a genuine exercise can’t be gained from perusing a â€Å"fake† book or that fiction books detract from finding out about genuine occasions. Genuine will teach you on the past. Fiction books instruct you with new thoughts. Fiction books additionally increment your insight and jargon. Great creators typically utilize huge jargon. In this way, you will consistently be learning new words. Fiction has changed lives and formed methods of reasoning. So consider the possibility that individuals consider fiction to be an exercise in futility, they’re the ones passing up a major opportunity. These nonbelievers will never encounter their minds developing, learn important exercises, or departure from the real world.

Communism Existing Economic System of Capitalism - Free Essay Example

The Industrial Revolution in western Europe provided the context for economists and political writers of the 19th century to promote three different economic plans designed to meet the needs of workers and entrepreneurs. Communism was first proposed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels as a reform plan for the existing economic system of capitalism. The major tenets of communism include economic determinism, proletariat revolution, and a classless society with no need for government. Although there were many advantages including benefits and economic prosperity, there were also disadvantages including the lack of motivation and slow development.. The economic system of communism was first implemented in Russia in 1917. It was unsuccessful because there was never a withering away of the state. The economic system of communism did not address the needs of both entrepreneurs and workers because while it promised equality under the state, it disregarded human nature. The Industrial Revolution provided the historical context for a new economic plan, communism, which was promoted by Karl Marx. The Industrial Revolution started in England around 1750. This completely changed the method of production with the domestic system. The domestic system was the widespread method of production during the 17th century. They created goods by hand as they travelled from home to home, slowly coming together along the way. After that they had the factory system. The factory system was when the use of machinery relieved the amount of time for the production of a product. The use of these two systems took place in Britain in the 18th century (â€Å"Industrial Revolution† par. 1). Britain had a head start on the whole industries and tried to keep there monopoly, they forbade the export of skilled workers, machinery, and manufacturing techniques. But the spread of ideas eventually going to happen and there ideas would appear around the world. (â€Å"Indust rial Revolution† par. 4). During this time period there were many technology advancements. They started using iron and steel, which was used in many of the new inventions. These became good resources and they relied on them a lot. They used new energy sources like coal, steam, electricity and petroleum made things better. The steam engine was one of these inventions that helped dramatically. The steam engine was a vehicle in the creation of the steam locomotive and steamboat; two very influential means of transportation. The creations of power loom and spinning jenny both helped production of weaving. These few intentions helped a lot and also increased the production rate of the goods and were cheaper because there was more of it (â€Å"Industrial Revolution† par. 2). Without these creations it’s clear that productions rates and everything else would have been slowed down during this era. With all the development of all these inventions it has decreased the amount of people in the rural community, and brought them to the city to work. With this now there has been more people in the cities and now women and children have been implemented in the factories for poor wages (â€Å"Industrial Revolution† par. 2). With the urbanization of all of these people to the rural to the cities became overpopulated. The cities turned into the slums. It had poor living conditions, it was over crowded, and they didnt have a sewage system. This brought disease to city. They had all the factories in the city so they also polluted the air. Then the crime rate wet up in the cities (â€Å"Industrial Revolution† par. 2). The workers were being abused in the factories and it has changed their lives. â€Å"At the time when you were beaten for not keeping up with your work, were you anxious to have done it if you possibly could? — Yes; the dread of being beaten if we could not keep up with our work was a sufficient impulse to keep us to it if we could† (The Sadler Committee, Mr. Matthew Crabtree). This is what one of the workers said, it was like he was scared to go to work because he was beaten if he couldn’t keep up and that should never happen. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels were working on reforming previous economy of capitalism. The key characteristics of communism included the ideas of economic determinism, a proletariat revolution, and a classless society with no need for government. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels were viewed as the founders of this economic system. They developed ideas on society in response to the abuse of workers under capitalism. Karl was a German revolutionary philosopher and theorist who developed his ideas through influential writings. Friedrich was a friend of Marxs and helped him a lot during his life, and is most known for helping Marx in the creation of The Communist Manifesto in 1848 (â€Å"Fri edrich Engels† par. 11). In this they talked about their views on society, and how to get the best outcome. Starting with socioeconomic theory of economic determinism, they talked about the idea that societies are divided into competing economic classes whose influence in politics is determined by their ranking. Marx was concerned because he believed it locked the proletariat in an endless class struggle. This would lead to the capitalist system being overthrown to break free of the abuse. â€Å"We have seen above, that the first step in the revolution by the working class, is to raise the proletariat to the position of ruling as to win the battle of democracy† (Marx 622). Violence will always happen and you can’t stop it once the government is gone, communism will replace it. Marx’s also had another major idea for communism to establish a classless society with no need for government. The class structure leaving was was going to get rid of the abuse an d the revolts that occur under capitalism. If all of the people were equal they wouldn’t need to be a government because the power is the people that work. This would make people that don’t work to work because the workers would want the best for the everyone. While Engels and Marx believed this would have ended up good, they ended up being bad. The advantages of communism did not outweigh the disadvantages because communism fails to address human nature.

How and Why Bob Fosse Transforms Key Elements of Goodbye to Berlin in Cabaret - Literature Essay Samples

Transformation allows for a re-interpretation of a text from a different perspective. The relationship between the composer, responder, text and context are integral in this metamorphosis. Christopher Isherwood’s novella Goodbye to Berlin (1939) and Bob Fosse’s film Cabaret (1972) demonstrates this, Fosse transforming Goodbye to Berlin’s key ideas about the rise of Nazism and the corrupting nature of money into his own artwork, Cabaret. Christopher Isherwood Isherwood’s semi-autobiographical novel Goodbye to Berlin portrays the rise of Nazism, focusing on the brainwashing of children and the anti-Semitic attitudes of many Germans at the time. The indoctrination of children had a significant role in the rise of Nazism, illustrated when Christopher sights a young â€Å"child of about five†¦ marching along all by himself with a swastika flag over his shoulder and singing ‘Deutschland uber alles’. This literally refers to the Nazi Youth and other right wing organisations that were having increased influence at the time. Whilst Isherwood’s tone is objective, he gives the reader insight into the easy manipulation of the young. The rise of Nazism is also conveyed through the anti-Semitic attitudes, seen in the â€Å"Landauers† chapter. The intense hatred and discrimination towards them is evident in Frl. Mayr’s conspicuous detestation of the Jews: â€Å"This town is sick with Jews. Turn over any stone, and a couple of them will crawl out. Filthy thieving Jews†. This metaphorical exclamatory language clearly conveys her loathing with the powerful adjectives conveying a common German attitude as a result of the constant Nazi propaganda. Bob Fosse’s film Cabaret similarly portrays the rise of Nazism, and the indoctrination of both youth and the general public. This is particularly evident in the Beer garden scene and the final scene. Fosse transforms Isherwood’s portrayal of the rise of Nazism to reflect the post-World War II context in which the film was created; the beer garden scene demonstrates the role of children and national pride in the rise of Nazism. Isherwood’s portrayal of the role of children in the Nazi movement is transformed by Fosse in his later, retrospective context to also include national pride as a key reason for the Nazis success with the German people. Thus, he transforms the idea to make it more comprehensively relevant to what happened. Fosse’s decision to shoot this scene in the country represents how the Nazi party spread beyond the main cities, as no one tried to stop them. This musical scene opens with a close up on the face of the young Aryan boy sweetly singing, ‘Tomorrow belongs to me’. The slow panning of the camera shows the audience that he is a member of the Hitler Youth. The use of this young boy highlights how naive and innocent children are, and how easily susceptible they are to brainwashing. This patriotic song lulls the diegetic audience into a false sense of security as the music becomes strident and they get caught up in euphoria. The diegetic audience, now standing an d singing in full voice represents the many people who stood by as the Nazi party grew. The gradual change from a pastoral sounding song to a nationalistic one clearly portrays how the Nazis used propaganda about national pride to gain popular support. The song’s climatic words â€Å"The morning will come when the world is mine, tomorrow belongs to me† is accompanied by a medium shot of the uniformed Hitler Youth boy, his right hand saluting, as he becomes the salient image. The final scene of Cabaret also focuses on the rise of Nazism. Isherwood’s belief that increasing anti-Semitic views accompany the rise of Nazism is transformed to include hatred of all outsiders. This transformation stems from the novella and film being created in different context. Because of this Fosse is aware of how many non-Germans and even Germans who were different were persecuted. This is particularly evident in the final scene of Cabaret which focuses on the Nazi party’s growth, and its ability to get rid of whoever they disliked. In contrast to the beginning where there are no overt Nazis present in the audience, the film closes with the distorted reflections of the diegetic audience, many of whom are Nazis. This highlights their growth and how they ended up taking over the Cabaret. The denouement is somber. The mc (Joel Grey) interacts with his audience: â€Å"Where are your troubles now?† The rhetorical question with the close-up on his face forces r esponders to empathise with the plight of all Germans. The mc does not say â€Å"goodbye† in English, as he had done in his introduction, but simply, â€Å"Auf Wiedersehen, a bientà ´t†, then bows, thus saying goodbye to the good times in Germany, which is symbolic of his death and that of the others too. Isherwood’s Goodbye to Berlin portrays how all aspects of society are corrupted by the power of money. Money is extremely powerful, as it can control many people; whom will willingly change and act a certain way in return for it. The Troika is a decedent cabaret, which is desperate for clientele, and by extension, the money they bring. It is ever changing its faà §ade, which is evident when a customer finally arrives: â€Å"In an instant, the Troika was transformed†. Initially, the girls who worked at the Troika â€Å"were tired and bored†. Their behavior suddenly changes once ‘money’ arrives, as they â€Å"turned on their stools smiling a not-too-direct invitation†. The imagery and alliteration emphasise how easily people can be bought as well as the duplicitous nature of the cabaret and thus the society it represents. Thus, Goodbye to Berlin emphasises moneys ability make people willing to change in return for it. Fosse’s Cabaret emp hasises the corrupting nature of money, particularly during the song â€Å"money makes the world go round†, which is a light-hearted testament to the fact that people will do almost anything for money. Money has a corrupting value; people will adhere to obscene ideas and values if dependent enough. Fosse transforms Isherwood’s value of the power of money. It is transformed into a musical piece as a result of the 1970s context, and the love for musicals during this era, as well as the cabaret being a microcosm of the society and Fosses wanting to emphasise the corruption of money in Berlin. The medium shot as the mc and Sally Bowles (Liza Minnelli) sing â€Å"If you havent any coal in the stove and you freeze in the winter† portrays why it was so easy to be bought by others. The repetition of â€Å"money† throughout the song highlights its importance in everyday living, because without it â€Å"you look thirty pounds underweight†. Cabaret obviously illustrates the corrupting power of money in distorting ideas and behaviors. Isherwood, in 1939, demonstrates his awareness of the massive power of the Nazi nationalistic movement and its potential danger; he attributes its success to national pride and indoctrination. He cannot, in 1939, know the horrors that bellowed in the subsequent six years of World War II. Fosse, in 1972, with the benefit of hindsight and the full knowledge of the events of those six years, is able to be much more comprehensively analytical of the period and the extraordinary growth of Nazi strength and popularity. Fosse’s filmic transformation of the earlier written text coveys Isherwood’s ideas and values powerfully to a more modern audience through memorable visual images and music. The transformation from the novella to film allows the responder to gain insight into the society ruled by the Nazis as well as the power of money and its corrupting nature.

Maslow s Theory Of Human Motivation Essay - 1350 Words

In 1943 Humanistic Psychologist Abraham Maslow proposed his Theory of Human Motivation. In this paper he outlines what he believes to be a humans hierarchy of needs. Maslow suggests in his journal that one must meet the needs of the previous level before moving on to meet the needs of the next one on the hierarchy. According to Maslow there are 5 tiers of human needs: physiological, security, belonging, self-esteem, and self-actualization. In Welch, West Virginia Jeanette and her siblings must adjust their lifestyles in order to meet their human needs according to Maslow’s hierarchy. The physiological tier is the lowest level of Maslow’s hierarchy. This level contains the basic human needs such as food, water, and breathing. Throughout Jeanette Walls memoir, A Glass Castle, the Walls kids were in a constant battle with starvation. In the Glass Castle the children were never worried about regular teenage predicaments, such as what their hair looked like, or how they wer e going to impress a boy/girl that they liked. Instead they were forced to focus on if they were going to go hungry or not. Maureen had found a way to meet her physiological needs, she â€Å"always had plenty to eat, since she had made friends throughout the neighborhood and would show up at their houses around dinnertime.† The other children weren’t so lucky in the beginning; Jeanette had to resort to â€Å"rooting through the trash† and Jeanette suspected Brian did the same. Over time Jeanette was able to resolveShow MoreRelatedMaslow s Theory On Human Motivation1310 Words   |  6 PagesMaslow’s (1943) hierarchy of needs was one of the earliest theories developed on human motivation. With the basic principle that higher-level motives could not become active before the basic needs had been met (Lahey, 2001). Maslow suggested that these basic needs such as food, water and safety needed to be in place and satisfied before motivation to meet higher needs is possible and takes effect. Maslow (1943) organised these human needs into five sets and then arranged those into a pyramid, withRead MoreAbraham Maslow s Theory Of Human Motivation1670 Words   |  7 PagesAbraham Maslow Abraham Maslow was always visually examining the greater scope of human nature. Whereas most of his counterparts of his day seemed to be more concerned with a narrower scope, Maslow s own vision was far-reaching. His lifetime of revelations in motivation and personality transcended academic psychology, and extended into the major business fields of management and marketing. Maslow additionally explored how and individual perceives their existence and beginning to display signs ofRead MoreMaslow s Theory Of Human Motivation901 Words   |  4 PagesIn our everyday lives, we go through certain needs and behaviors. Abraham Maslow’s article of Theory of Human Motivation begins with the explanation of the Basic Needs of behavior. He goes over how our basic needs are safety, love, self-esteem, and self-actualization. (Physiological needs tend to go along with the other four needs.) When it comes to craving violence, four of the above needs apply to the given behavior. Starting with physiological needs; they are those needs that include survivalRead MoreMaslow s Theory Of Human Motivation1560 Words   |  7 Pagesof what ideology one follows, is â€Å"what motivates humans?† In the year of 1943, Abram Maslow wrote his paper A Theory of Human Motivation. In this paper, Maslow described a theory in which he claimed that all people had basic needs, and these needs were fulfilled in order of their importance to the individual. Each need would need to be met prior to working towards another need, eventually achieving the ultimate goal of self-actualization. This theory is the basis of the humanistic perspective, whichRead MoreThe Hierarchy Of Needs Theory Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesThe Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory Living beings act, and their behavior is driven by incentives, needs, and drives. Animals act only by their instinctive desires. The behavior of animals is due to instinctive desires rather than by thought. However, where does man s behavior originate from? Many psychologists have studied this topic with interest. Man s behavior is also influenced by human desires. However, how human desires influence human behavior is a very important issue. OnRead MoreMotivation, As The Causes Of Our Behaviour1644 Words   |  7 PagesMotivation Introduction Mitchell (1982, p.82) describes motivation as â€Å"the degree to which an individual wants and chooses to engage in certain specified behaviours†. Hence, in general, behaviour is determined by certain motives, thus, Vroom and Deci (1992, p.33) considered motivation â€Å"as the causes of our behaviour†. Moreover, according to Mullins (2013, p.245) motivation is concerned with question â€Å"why do people do what they do?†, because motivation is an inner driving force which leads to particularRead MoreEvaluate The Theory Of Motivation From Humanistic Perspective Essay1624 Words   |  7 PagesEvaluate the theory of motivation from the Humanistic perspective. By Marialena Posteraro Throughout this paper evaluation of motivation from a Humanistic perspective will be examined. Motivation is the drive within humans that makes us act, it is a process that influences goal directed behavior. Drives are considered internal factors that push an organism into action. Throughout our lives, we have certain drives within us that motivate us to behave and act in a certain way to fulfill ourRead MoreDr. Vroom s Expectancy Theory1577 Words   |  7 Pages D. Expectancy Theory Motivate Your Team by Linking Effort With Outcome Vroom s expectancy theory assumes that behaviour results from conscious choices among alternatives whose purpose it is to maximize pleasure and minimize pain. Together with Edward Lawler and Lyman Porter, Victor Vroom suggested that the relationship between people s behaviour at work and their goals was not as simple as was first imagined by other scientists. Vroom realized that an employee s performance is based on individualRead MoreAbraham Maslow Life Span Development and Personality1082 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Maslow Life Span Development and Personality Abraham Maslow was born April 1, 1908 in Brooklyn, New York. Abraham Maslow grew up in Brooklyn, New York, the first of seven children born to his Jewish parents who emigrated from Russia. His parents were uneducated, but they insisted that he study law. Maslow later described his early childhood as unhappy and lonely, and he spent much of his time in the library immersed in books. At first, Abraham acceded to their wishes and enrolled in theRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1741 Words   |  7 Pagesis discuss on the two theories: The Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and Herzberg’s. The Maslow’s hierarchy of needs include five levels, and at the certain extent, reflect the rule of human s activities on psychological and behavior. Herzberg’ describe the more details of worker agree or disagree about working. In this essay, more related knowledge details and effects will de described, then, analysis the two theories individual, choose a better one. II. Describe the two theories. 2.1Maslow’s hierarchy

Compare And Contrast Locke And Hobbes State Of Nature

In the following essay I will compare Hobbes’ account of the State of Nature, as depicted in his Leviathan, with Locke’s State of Nature put forward in his Second Treatise on Civil Government. Regarding the main differences, I will discuss how, for Hobbes, it is a state of war in which man is self-interested, and a government is required to oppose human nature. He concluded that there is no justice in nature, and notions of right and are wrong are mere social phenomena. Locke, on the other hand sees it as a state of equality, where man is fundamentally good. The need for Government is a need for human nature to be maintained, and there is a universal right to punish, which comes in three forms and allows for justice without war. I will†¦show more content†¦Locke is known for his appeal to reason, and see this as the way forward for harmony in state of nature, being equally able to regulate ourselves since reason teach us man â€Å"has not liberty to destroy hi mself, or so much as any creature in his possession, but where some nobler use than its bare preservation calls for it† . A glaringly obvious difference arises thus far then; anarchy for Hobbes is such that due to the constant danger of others attacking you and taking yours for their own, there is a constant state of aggression towards one another. Man is essentially self-interested and thinks only of increasing his possession and pleasures, behaving not out of reason but out of passion. For Locke, man has an unassailable moral compass that prevents him from doing what is wrong, and we know what is wrong from being made in God’s image. The two philosophers, therefore, understandably have very different ideas of justice in a state of nature. With no inviolable morality to speak of, acting purely from passion, man cannot draw upon it to settle disagreement or quarrel in a Hobbesian world. We require someone to enforce a justice system upon us, and to agree upon the statutes of that system. Otherwise, â€Å"where there is no common power, there is no law; where no law, no injustice. Force and fraud are inShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast the Views of the State of Nature Held by Hobbes and Locke.2718 Words   |  11 Pagesdefining the meaning of A State of Nature. As the likes of Hobbes, Rousseau and Locke wrote about it, it means man when he was natural in his state of nature, uninfluenced by society, and the temptations of today. There are no rights in a state of nature, only freedom to do as one wishes. It is a term used to illustrate the theoretical condition of civilization before the states foundation in Soc ial Contract Theories. In the dictionary it is described as â€Å"a wild primitive state untouched by civilizationRead MoreCompare and Contrast Hobbes’s and Locke’s Views of the State of Nature and the Fundamental Purpose of Political Society. Whose View Is the More Plausible? Why?1564 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and contrast Hobbes’s and Locke’s views of the state of nature and the fundamental purpose of political society. Whose view is the more plausible? Why? Introduction Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were both natural law theorists and social contracts theorists. While most natural law theorists have predominantly been of the opinion that humans are social animals by nature, Locke and Hobbes had a different perspective. Their points of view were remarkably different from thoseRead MoreBoth Hobbes And Locke Can Be Considered The â€Å"Founding Fathers†1685 Words   |  7 PagesBoth Hobbes and Locke can be considered the â€Å"Founding Fathers† of liberal political philosophy. 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By analyzingRead MoreHobbes And Locke s Political Legitimacy1530 Words   |  7 PagesTheorists such as Hobbes and Locke, both of their account on political legitimacy might look quite similar at first glance, because each theorized about the nature of mankind and the right political systems that would meet the needs of individuals. However, in Hobbes’ perspective, political authority does not pre-exist in individual’s state of nature, rather, it is created by the social contract and serves to ensure self-preservation which is threatened in a state of nature. In contrast, Locke thought thatRead MoreGeorge Hobbes And Locke s Theories On Government, Human Nature, And Natural Law1661 Words   |  7 Pagesis easy to compare certain things because of their proximity to one another and because of their similar nature. For instance, I wrote about Basque and Catalonian independence in Spain. While it may be apt to say that they are the same for a number of reasons. They were inherently different because of the small details that change their trajectory to land close to each other but not in the same place. Much is the same when comparing Hobbes’ and Locke’s theories on government, human nature, and naturalRead MoreComparing John Locke s Views On Political Systems969 Words   |  4 PagesCompare and Contrast John Locke was a scholar who lived from 1632-1704. Locke worried about the absence of limitations on sovereign authority. As a man that was pro government for the people, he viewed politics as for the people or the people shall revolt. In stark contrast, Thomas Hobbes, who lived through much turmoil as well from 1588-1679, such as a civil war in Britain which lasted from 1642-1648 thought a sovereign leader was the only way to protect society from itself (Riemer, Simon, andRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Philosophies of John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Karl Marx843 Words   |  4 PagesCompare and Contrast the Philosophies of John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Karl Marx In the idea of human nature; origin of state, the nature of government, the rights of regulation can be drawn as the reflection of insightful philosophies of John Locke, Thomas Hobbes and Karl Marx. By understanding this within the context of human nature, we can see their ideas play to how they perceive a modern philosophy. Karl Marxs Communist Manifesto illustrates the desire to build a society without economicRead MoreThe Social Contract Theories Of Thomas Hobbes And John Locke1210 Words   |  5 PagesArnold Political Philosophy 4 February 2015 Compare and contrast the social contract theories of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke In the beginning of time, there was no government to regulate man. This caused a burden on society and these hardships had to be conquered, which is when a social contract was developed. The social contract theory is a model that addresses the questions of the origin of society and the legitimacy of the authority of the state over an individual (Bahuleyan). It rests onRead MoreHobbes vs. Locke2028 Words   |  9 PagesAshlyn Brunk Parson POS 352 October, 2012 Exam 1: Hobbes/Locke 1. Compare and contrast Hobbes and Locke on political power? In answering this question explain Locke’s argument against Hobbes’s understanding of â€Å"paternal† and despotical power. On the discussion of power and social structure, both John Locke and Thomas Hobbes introduce their theories on paternal and despotical power in Second Treatise of Government and Leviathan respectively. Both men believe that social order is constructed

Alternative Course Of Action / Interventions - 1607 Words

Alternative Course of Action/Interventions I would now like to propose some alternative courses of action to prevent low morale, dissatisfaction and high turnover rates for this non-profit organization. 1. ‘I Run 4 Mason’ can continue conducting business as they are. Other chapters of this organization is known, admired and respected throughout the country. You, the current leadership, are the pioneers for this organization and should be treated as such. Unfortunately, due to the lack of retention of new runners and the aging, injuries and falling enthusiasm of seasoned participants, the local chapter is unable to expand to new disabled individuals living in the area who would like to be a rider athlete. 2. Elect new leadership who are willing to dedicate their time and energy to enabling and empowering people to work together in a productive and goal oriented manner. There is no doubt that a volunteers heart is in the right place especially when they are willing to exert the amount of physical strength needed to push someone in a wheelchair for long distances. On the other hand, perhaps they are also exploring other aspects of volunteer work including meeting new people, developing new skills or experiencing the feeling of being needed. Leadership faces challenges when considering ones motives, attempting to decide who is undertaking this task for the right reason, but they must facilitate a healthy environment among a diverse group of volunteers with varying backgrounds,Show MoreRelatedEthical Decision Making : Ethical Decisions1047 Words   |  5 Pagesthat apply to this scenario, according to the CPA code of ethics (2000), I was able to identify the existence of conflict between respecting the woman’s desire to receive online counselling (Principle I) and not knowing whether online counselling intervention would effectively support her without causing harm (Principle II). 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Swot Analysis Of Mcdonald s Australia Holdings - 1552 Words

SWOT analysis of McDonald’s Australia Holdings 1. Executive analysisAustraliaï ¼Å¡SWOT analysis of McDonald’s Australia Holdings ä » £Ã¥â€ â„¢ This report intends to evaluate the external and internal environment of McDonald’s Australia Holdings, in which new product is to be realized and defining strategies appropriate to its realization. In this report, it will analyze the external and internal environments (SWOT) of the McDonald’s Australia Holdings, which includes the strengths, weakness, opportunities and the threats. This is used to identify the critical factors that may affect McDonald’s Australia Holdings’ new product and then build on its strengths to reduce the weaknesses , exploit opportunities and avoid potential threats. Besides, based on the SWOT analysis, this report will talk identify a relevant strategy, that is the W-O strategy meaning that improve the weakness and gain the opportunity rounding them. Further more , this report may also identify and describe a target market of the McDonald’s Australia Holdings, and would like to helps to develop a suitable new product for the company to introduce for this target market. Based on that, this report will firstly make an introduction of the company, McDonald’s Australia Holdings, where includes its relevant history, the current market and the product lines et al. Subsequently, it will make a further analysis of the SWOT analysis, in which it may present the SWOT analysis in a table format and rank the dimensions. After that,Show MoreRelatedMarketing Plan For The Fast Food Industry Essay1570 Words   |  7 Pagesperforming the market analysis, consumer behavior analysis and the environmental analysis mainly supports in maintaining the focus for strategic incorporation of the innovative marketing strategies and channels. 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Effective Crisis Communication Moving Crisis to Opportunity

Question: Discuss about the Effective Crisis Communication for Moving Crisis to Opportunity. Answer: Introduction Crises management is a process through which an organization deals with a disruptive and unexpected event that can harm its image in public. Various multinational organizations face crises due to their bad choices. The three common elements to a crisis are threat to the organization, the element of surprise and a short decision time. Risk management involves management and assessment of potential threats and findings in order to overcome threats (Barrett, 2014). Organizations are focused on forming a robust framework to achieve sustainable growth. General Motors has faced crises in past years but the 2014 crises due to its vehicle malfunctioning greatly harmed the companys image. The automotive company came up with a strategy under the guidelines of CEO Mary Barra. She helped them to systematically combat against the crises caused in 2014 due to newspaper report accusing the company for road accidents and deaths. This particular incidence bought various regulatory authorities under q uestion. The organization is still facing the consequences caused due to it (Maiorescu, 2016.). crises are an inseparable part in an organization tenure and they occur at every place no matter how big or small the organization size is. The most important part of crises management is the ability to overcome the crisis situation and set an example for the rest of the world (Heineman, 2014). Appropriate case Identification The case is related to General Motors deadly ignition switch defect that caused crises of inattention, deferral of responsibility and lack of accountability. 13 people were killed due to the negligence of the company. The whole company came under criticism as it was reported that the company was already aware about the default in the engine. Customers across the globe lost their trust in GM which led to decrease in sales and hence affected the revenue (Booth,2015). Analysis of Issue An automotive company knows that its products can cause harm to its customers should take appropriate measures to stop them. The necessary actions need to be taken under consideration while reporting issue to The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to derive an appropriate remedy. General Motors faced extreme crises in the year 2014 due to ignition switch recall (Cheng,2016). The recall caused a long running internal cultural issue in the organization. The employees were discouraged to speak up and were instead asked to focus on the bottom line. The automotive company faced a recall of 8, 00,000 GM vehicles. There were approximately 31 vehicle accidents and 13 deaths caused due to malfunction of engine and airbags. The company faced more recalls shortly after February 2014 which accounted 2.6 million. GM has faced more than 2000 compensation claims for the sufferers of faculty switch (Ulmer,Sellnow and Seeger, 2013). As per the internal investigation the company wa s aware about the defects since the early 2000s. The company faced multiple moral and legal obligations towards the families and victims. The automotive company went through serious issue which posed serious question on its goodwill. The new CEO Mary Barra helped the company to overcome the issue through its systematic strategies (Crandall, Parnell and Spillan,2013). Application of theories and strategies General Motors has been in the headlines due to failure to fix an ignition switch problem in the year 2014. This particular situation gave an opportunity to all business leaders to review their strategies. It is providing them with an efficient tool to overcome the crises occurring in an organization. Business whether big or small needs a strategy to overcome crises if something goes wrong (McCarthy,2014). A small mistake can lead to inevitable crises in the organization affecting its goodwill. The company needs to identify the area of default in order to plan crises occurring in future. By having a proper planning mechanism the company can minimize the damage to the companys goodwill. In case of General Motors, if the company has taken preliminary actions in advance over the information of release. The delay has badly affected General Motors worldwide (Lorsch and McTague,2016). GMS new CEO Mary Barra has proved that she is calm and confident under intense pressure. She has made clear that, there primary motive is to focus on customer culture instead of cost culture. GM in the press conference has apologized and left the impression that they are worthy to deal with such situations. In a statement to employees she has made clear that employees behavior will help in deciding the future of the organization. They focused on developing a systematic strategy in order to overcome crises (Coombs,2014). During crises it has become important to determine a communication team in order to resolve customers query. A general motor during the crises has developed a toll free number to address customers complain. This has helped the company to register in record information related to malfunctioning. The crisis communication team has helped in addressing the individual issues. The company adopted a pro-active approach later calling vehicles having defects. They paid compensation to the families and victims for their loss caused due to default in vehicle. This approach has helped company to deal with every individual customer. This has helped them in regaining confidence of customers again (Walker, ET AL.2016). It was essential at that time Select a spokesperson to represent the companys point of view. Mary Barra represented her company well enough during the time of crises by addressing to each complaint. She has addressed every individual query made during the press conference. She made her concern clear during the press meet that the company is dedicated towards the commitment they have made to its people. General Motors has established a plan that focus on developing future venture. This has become important for an organization to develop a better effective plan in order to inform people about faults. Marry apologized in public and mentioned clearly that the company will eliminate fault in overall mechanism (Groh,2014). Media strategy helped GM to overcome the damage caused to their goodwill. A strong media relation helped in communicating the information to the public that has effectively helped to communicate information systematically to the public. The media strategy created by GM has made an effective impression in the mind of customers worldwide. The media strategy on a long run helped in putting forward the companys point of view. It is recommended to a company undergoing serious crises to strengthen media strategy by focusing of managing Public relation. This will help in achieving long term goals (Mitroff and Alpaslan,2014). GMs CEO accepted their weakness and fault in ignition engine. While apologizing to public they accepted their fault and amounted compensation for the victims. The company is clarified its positions in front of all stakeholders. They even paid a fine of $ 35 million for risking life of people. Barra took everything in her hand and at time when no one was ready to take responsibility she shifts the focus of the company from one on cost to customer safety. Since 1970s the culture of General Motor was like a sponge, it used to bounce back to its previous shape. Barra made her point clear while stating the strategies of the company by removing its bureaucratic culture. They rolled out their three core values which include: customer is their compass, relationship is important and individual excellence is crucial. General Motors has incorporated these values in order to achieve desired goal and to manage crises. They encourage employees to share idea inn companys interest. They urged employees to speak up for safety issues and to come forward in case they find any issue. This culture in the organization will help in drifting the value. Efficient communication in between employees and management will help in achieving desired objectives. Employees were stuck in long standing cult ure shaped due to previous practices. The organization was earlier using traditional methods to interact with employees. Barras interaction with the employees through social media channel has helped in attaining attention. Social media websites have become an important tool for the companies to reveal their commitment (Harte,2014). The new commitment strategy has helped to remain committed to majority of goals. Staying true towards customers will help them to stay close to the objective. The social media center was opened at Detroit in the year 2013, April. There duty is to monitor enthusiast through 400 social media center. This helps in operating issues of customers as and when complain is being registered. Social Media helps in building reputation of the company. Barra is timely taking report from the social media team to understand the view of individual customer and stakeholder (Mukherjee, 2014). Planning committee under the guidance of CEO Mary Barra has taken significant actions after crises. This has helped the organization to overcome situation aroused out of crises due to ignition engine. Under such a situation systematic planning has helped them to attain their objectives in order to achieve distinguished results in future (Shepherd and Vardiman, 2016). Media and environmental scanning GM faced allegation and accusations across the world due to the fault in ignition engine. The fault has affected the goodwill of GM and they are still trying to cope up with the situation. The accidents and death caused due to fault in the engine. There were 2.6 million recalls which has drastically affected the image of the brand. PEST analysis helps in understanding the situation of the company due to crises. It helps in understanding the macro environmental factors to ensure the effects of external factor on the company growth. Political Members of the House committee asked General Motors CEO Mary Barra and a federal safety regulator over the death of 13 people due to fault in the engine. It created a fury in the market and has put different regulatory bodies under question. Economic The whole continent was facing recession in the year 2008. People around were trying to curtail their expenses in order to survive in the market. it deeply impacted the macro-environmental factors resulted in unemployment. As an automobile company te crises has deeply affected the economic condition reducing the revenue. The company had a huge burden to pay compensation to the victims. Social General Motors has been a global leader for almost seventy years. People across the globe trust them for providing efficient services to its customers. The incidence in 2014 has badly affected their image. They have lost a significant amount of market after 2014 but it is due to the efforts of Marry Barra, the organization is again gaining interest. Technology The company was previously at an advantageous place due to their high-end technology. The fault in the ignition engine has affected the brand image. They have started looking for other automobile brand that they can trust. Recall of 2.6 million vehicle caused harm to the brand image. They have made changes in the new model after the defaults were recognized. Stakeholders The stakeholders lost their faith in the company. Investors were under confusion caused due to the accidents. The reputation of company was under stake. They made huge losses due to the fault of the company. under such a turbulent situation Mary Barra held the company interest and helped in creating faith in the company. employees were directed to work in the faith of the company and to share every minor detail with the management. Strategies The major strategy of General Motors was to build customers faith. It was difficult for a company like GM to again rebuild the interest after such a huge incidence. But the CEO of the company has helped in reshaping the faith again. This has helped them to achieve desired growth even after continuous loss in 2014. They effectively worked together with the employees to understand the situation. Employees at default were suspended from the company. Conclusion Crises are an inevitable part in an organization though they affect the goodwill to a large extent. General Motors is a company working consistently in a good faith of its customers. The default in the ignition engine has affected the reputation of the company. However the CEO Mary Barra has helped the company in overcoming the situation by regaining the faith in both customers and employees. For a company like General Motors it has become important to build a good reputation in order to attain sustainable results. References Barrett,P.2014. Why GM Keeps Swerving From Apology to Aggression in Recall Crisis. Online. Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-05-19/gm-strategy-amid-liability-crisis-ranges-from-apology-to-aggression Accessed on 19 January 2017. Booth, S.A., 2015. Crisis management strategy: Competition and change in modern enterprises. Routledge. Cheng, Y., 2016. Who Is Leading Whom in the General Motors Recall: Understanding Media Impacts on Public Relations Efforts, Public Awareness, and Financial Markets. Research Journal of the Institute for Public Relations, 3(1), pp.1-25. Coombs, W.T., 2014. State of crisis communication: Evidence and the bleeding edge. Research Journal of the Institute for Public Relations, 1(1), pp.1-12. Crandall, W.R., Parnell, J.A. and Spillan, J.E., 2013. Crisis management: Leading in the new strategy landscape. Sage Publications. Groh, M., 2014. Strategic management in times of crisis. American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 6(2), p.49. Harte, J., 2014. Management crisis and business revolution. Transaction Publishers. Heineman Jr, B.W., 2014. The Crisis Management Lesson from Toyota and GM:Its Our Problem the Moment We Hear About It. Harvard Business Review. Lorsch, J.W. and McTague, E., 2016. Culture is not the culprit. Harvard Business Review. Maiorescu, R.D., 2016. Crisis management at General Motors and Toyota: An analysis of gender-specific communication and media coverage. Public Relations Review, 42(4), pp.556-563. McCarthy,M. 2014. How GM Can Steer Through Crisis of Ignition-Switch Recall. Online. Available at: https://www.adageindia.in/How-GM-Can-Steer-Through-Crisis-of-Ignition-Switch-Recall/articleshow/45735763.cms Accessed on 19 January 2017. Mitroff, I.I. and Alpaslan, C.M., 2014. The Crisis-prone Society: A Brief Guide to Managing the Beliefs that Drive Risk in Business. Springer. Mukherjee, S., 2014. The Use of Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn etc. as Strategic Tools for Crisis Communication. International Journal of Management and International Business Studies, 4(2), pp.175-180. Shepherd, I.J. and Vardiman, P., 2016. The General Motors Ignition Switch Incident Viewed Through a Proposed Economic Impact Severity Index. Journal of Management Policy and Practice, 17(1), p.36. Ulmer, R.R., Sellnow, T.L. and Seeger, M.W., 2013. Effective crisis communication: Moving from crisis to opportunity. Sage Publications. Walker, S.M., Earnhardt, M.P., Newcomer, J.M., Marion Jr, J.W. and Tomlinson, J.C., 2016. Crisis Leadership During the Great Recession of 2008. International Journal of Leadership and Change, 4(1), p.9.

Services Marketing & Relationship Marketing - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theServices Marketing Relationship Marketingfor Coles. Answer: The reflective essay sheds light on the marketing services and relationship marketing of an organisation. The services provided by an organisation determine its relationship and effectiveness of marketing strategies. The reflective essay focuses on the importance of front-stage and backstage activities of an organisation. These activities are important in order to maintain the flexibility of an organisation and ensure that the internal and external threat factors are mitigated successfully. A description about the significance of the services encountered by the customers and employees; along with the managerial implications of the activities are provided in the essay. For the purpose of the essay and a better understanding of the impact of front stage and backstage activities, Coles has been chosen. A flowchart is provided in order to conceptualise the effects in a clear manner. Coles is a famous retail department store in Australia. Set up in 1914, the organisation is situated in Melbourne. Presently the company owns AUD$22.1 billion assets and accounts for more than 80% of the Australian market. In 2007, Wesfarmers approached to purchase Coles for AUD$22 billion. By 2008, the purchase of the company was complete. In the modern day, the company launched a new website by the name of Coles Online to provide online shopping services to its customers (Coles.com, 2017). In my opinion, the front-stage and backstage activities of Coles help it to maintain its dominance in the Australian market. With a continuous threat coming from Woolworths, the implications of a proper managerial strategy can help the company to maximise its sales. According to Markham, (2013), front-stage activities are the interactions that take place between the customers and the service providers. The interactions include communication with the customers, receiving feedbacks, providing after sales or before sales services and so on. These interactions help an organisation to complete itself and work hard towards achieving its goals of satisfying customers. The backstage activities, on the other hand, are the type of activities that are not visible to the customers. These include the strategies, service chain, manufacturing processes that are done within the organisational boundaries and rules (Liu et al., 2017). In the light of this statement, I can state that both these activities are important for the success of an organisation. Working harmoniously can help in the progress of an organisation. I have observed that the more the amount of interaction with the customers the better it is for the reputation of an organisation. In the case of C oles, the application of such a concept can help it to gain a competitive edge over its rivals. Hence, a flowchart of the types of services offered by Coles can be used to analyse its effectiveness. From the flowchart, it can be seen that several sub-divisions exist under both categories that help it to distinguish between the services. These categories are unique and form the foundations of an organisation. For example, the facilities of an organisation, its contact personnel and the promotional techniques help it to attract and interact with customers. In the case of Coles, these factors are important to satisfy customers because the appearance of the company is also analysed by the customers. The back-stage factors include the number of employees, the strategies taken by the managers and the number of orders that need to be carried out. La Rocca et al., (2017) stated that these activities are equally important as the front-stage activities. I am of the same view, as these activities are co-related to another. I have observed that without a proper strategy and a sufficient number of employees, an organisation cannot maintain itself. The results from the front-stage activities prompt the managers to take action at the backstage. For example, if a customer returns a particular product of Coles, then the managers gave to investigate the cause of the failure of the product. This is done at the backstage of Coles so that customers or rival companies do not have access to seek out strategic information (Brockhoff Hauschildt, 2013). In this regard, it can be said that the service encounters between customers and employees of Coles can be determined by the front-stage analysis. It can be seen that Coles need to maintain its focus on the satisfaction of the customers. This includes providing proper after sales service, guiding customers inside the store and solving any queries related to product or price. Proper contact personnel need to be identified that can take care of the needs of the customers (Sandstrm, Berglund Magnusson, 2014). In this way, customers can remain happy and contribute to the success of the organisation. Apart from employees, it is also needed that Coles install equipment that is convenient for the use of the customers. This is mainly because of the fact that customers prefer to handle equipment that is easy to use and light to carry. In the case of online purchase, a less complicated payment method may help Coles to satisfy customers. Based on this analysis I can say that service encounter is important for Coles. Based on the services provided by the company, the customers can remain satisfied. Apart from this, the backstage operations of Coles can also fluctuate. The back-stage operations or activities are the managerial implications of a company. The managers of every company take strategic decisions that contribute to the profitability and success of a company (Sderlund, 2017). The first major decision that needs to be made is the satisfaction of employees. This is mainly because a dissatisfied, employee can misguide customers and lead to a fall in the reputation of the organisation. This is also important in the case of Coles. The managers of Coles need to keep the employees satisfied and motivated. The employees need to be given proper authority to take decisions regarding the welfare of the organisation. The back-stage activities also involve formulating strategies based on the orders and/or replacement of the products (Brockhoff Hauschildt, 2013). The managers need to ensure that the strategies are communicated with the employees so that mistakes can be avoided in the organisation. Thus, after analysing the backstage activities, I opin e that the managerial implications of the strategies and the thoughts about the welfare of the companies need to be made depending upon the level of success of an organisation. In the case of Coles, the implications made by the managers need to be such that the organisation outgrows its competitors and improve its reputation in the Australian retail market. Thus, I can conclude that for an organisation to exist successfully, it is necessary that the front-stage and backstage work simultaneously. This is important in order to gain a competitive advantage. The activities involved in these two stages need to be managed well in the proper departments so that the goals of the organisation can be reached. After analysing this topic, I can say that the implications of strategies by a manager are based on the service encounters between the customers. In the case of Coles, the main aim is to maintain the reputation and work on growth. Hence, the implications of these strategies and techniques are important for the organisation. Reference Brockhoff, K., Hauschildt, J. (Eds.). (2013).The dynamics of innovation: strategic and managerial implications. Springer Science Business Media. Coles.com (2017). Retrieved 21 August 2017, from https://www.coles.com.au/ Kazemzadeh, Y., Milton, S. K., Johnson, L. W. (2015). Service blueprinting and process-chain-network: an ontological comparison.International Journal of Qualitative Research in Services,2(1), 1-12. La Rocca, A., Hoholm, T., Mrk, B. E. (2017). Practice theory and the study of interaction in business relationships: Some methodological implications.Industrial Marketing Management,60, 187-195. Liu, Y. F., Xu, Y., Ling, I. L. (2017). The impact of backstage cues on service evaluation.International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences,9(2). Markham, S. K. (2013). The Impact of Front?End Innovation Activities on Product Performance.Journal of Product Innovation Management,30(S1), 77-92. Sandstrm, C., Berglund, H., Magnusson, M. (2014). Symmetric assumptions in the theory of disruptive innovation: Theoretical and managerial implications.Creativity and Innovation Management,23(4), 472-483. Sderlund, M. (2017). Employee display of burnout in the service encounter and its impact on customer satisfaction.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,37, 168-176.

Mikalojus Konstantinas Ciurlionis an Example of the Topic Personal Essays by

Mikalojus Konstantinas Ciurlionis Few outside artistic or academic circles know much about Lithuanian artist Mikalojus Konstantinas Ciurlionis; however, those who once encountered with the paintings of this artist are well-aware of his genuinely unique and evocative style. Apart from being an established painter, Mikalojus Konstantinas Ciurlionis is known for his musical works, specifically symphonic poems. Throughout his short and tragic life, Ciurlionis enjoyed little recognition from his contemporaries. Out of his 200 paintings not a single one was sold during his lifetime. Only the most brilliant minds of those times appreciated his remarkable talent -- the French writer Remain Rolland once referred to Ciurlioniss art as a completely new continent, where the artist himself was Christopher Columbus (Sepetis 1985). Need essay sample on "Mikalojus Konstantinas Ciurlionis" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Undergraduates Usually Tell EssayLab specialists: Who wants to write assignment for me? Essay writer professionals recommend: Papers For Sale Get Paid To Write Papers Best Writing Services Best Essay Writing Company Its a sad fact of life that interest in Ciurlioniss art that began to rise in the pre-World War I times faded away during the Soviet era. Soviet art critics perceived his artworks as too abstractionist and borrowing a stamp of Western influence: Those petrified hearts could not be touched by the magnificence of form, nor the harmony of graceful, carefully chosen tones, nor the brilliant thought which pervaded every work of this true artist (Plioplys, 1984, p.12). Ciurlioniss failing health which led to his death at the young age of 35 didnt prevent him from producing a powerful impact on Lithuanian, Russian, and European art. One of the best known paintings by Ciurlionis is called Tranquility. Since the perception of art and beauty is highly subjective, its hard to think of universal criteria to measure artistic qualities of a certain piece. However, there is a broad consensus among the critics that there are certain criteria they apply when judging an art work. First and foremost, the piece should be aesthetically pleasing, i.e. correspond to the all-common notion of beauty. It should be harmonious and evoking positive, elevated feelings. While there is a trend among contemporary artists to make their pieces arouse indignation and disgust with a view to delivering a certain message, I strongly deem that art and aesthetics are inherently linked. The second criterion is the quality of workmanship, i.e. the mastery of artists skills. Another criterion which is very important is the uniqueness of artists manner. Great artists stand out for the peculiarity of their individual style. Some of them prefer to pioneer new forms and techniques, yet this is not a prerequisite for creating a style of your own. Many talented artists dont break away from the tradition but simply find their own niche within the existing patterns of expression. Finally, the forth criterion is the message the piece is trying to send. Here its necessary to take into account the importance and relevance of the message as well as how successful the piece is in delivering it.Tranquility is an infrequent example of an artwork that meets all the aforementioned for criteria. As for the aesthetic characteristics, all the works of Ciurlionis embrace harmony and beauty. The colors are subtle and delicate, and the composition of the painting demonstrates a skilled representation of space. Nothing in this painting is flashy or repulsive; it aroused sincere feelings of delight and rapture. As for the craftsmanship of the artist, the technique he used is interesting in many ways. Tempera painting werent very popular in Ciurlionis times, yet he was devoted to this particular style. Indeed, Ciurlionis developed an artistic style of his own which unmistakably distinguishes his pictures from those of any other artist.As for his manner, its a combination of realist and symbolist style of expression. In that sense, the painter was ahead his time: impressionist and symbolism as artistic styles were in the earlier stage of their development in 1905, when the painting was created. Its quite evident that the painter draws his inspiration from the mysterious beauty of nature and life. However, the aim of his paintings is not to suggest a detailed portrayal of natural scenery but to convey a certain mood and atmosphere. The artist has a unique vision, and he succeeds in sharing this vision with the viewer. When youre viewing works of Ciurlionis, you get a profound feeling that you are physically present at the scene pictured in the piece. The painter calls upon the viewer to experience the fullness and majesty of life: It is not only the magnificence of the symbols that are attractive and stirring but also the love of life and the ecstacy of living that emanate from the works (Sepetis, 1985, p.52). As for the message the painting delivers, its also quite clear and powerful. Generally, works of Ciurlionis are noted for their rich and unusual symbolism. At the first glance, Tranquility doesnt bear much imagery and hidden symbols. However, has an archetypal appeal -- I believe every person will find some special memories and reminiscences connected and associated with the scene represented on the picture. Evening by the sea is traditionally associated with calmness, serenity, and meditative mood. As the sunset highlights vague contours of the mighty cliff, the skies in the west are still bright, yet night is already encroaching in the east. The smooth passage from daylight to gloaming is depicted with great mastery and imagination. Two shimmering lights at the foot of a cliff may be regarded as a symbol of hope, placidity and complacency. Indeed, [t]he works of Ciurlionis pose the complex question of whether and to what extent the power of the creative imagination helps the artist perceive and transform reality into artistic images (Sepetis, 1985, p.51).Therefore, after giving a tough-but-fair evaluation of this particular work of art, it is obvious that it meets all four criteria suggested for the evaluation. Tranquility by Mikalojus Konstantinas Ciurlionis is aesthetically pleasing and evokes positive feelings in the viewer. Secondly, the painting is done with great mastery, and the painter demonstrates a style of his own. Finally, the painting sends its message through symbolic and archetypal appeal, and the message is effectively conveyed to the viewer. References Plioplys, A.V. 1984, The Influence of M. K. Ciurlionis Upon His Contemporaries, Lithuanian Quarterly Journal of Arts and Sciences, vol.30, no.2, pp.11-24. Sepetis, L. 1985, Mikalojus Ciurlionis' Space and Time, Soviet Life, vol.351, no.12, pp.50-53.

How to Write a Good Sample Essay

How to Write a Good Sample EssaySample essays, which are also known as essay samples, can help you write a good one. Most students and even professors will want to see examples of what writing looks like before they take the time to read the entire work. So you can think of your essay sample as a 'tutorial' for you to follow. You will have to give some credit to your sample essay.The first thing you should do when thinking about getting a sample essay is to look at some of the examples. Make sure you understand the ideas behind the essay and what you're trying to achieve. You should also be able to find a sample that shows different writing styles.Look for sample where the writer clearly states what is being said. A sample that is unclear is not worth your time. Write down a few sample essays and see how much effort you put into reading the essay. Make notes of how much thought and information is required to put together the essay. Do not waste your time on one with a lot of filler s entences.You should also make note of how different writers have used various skills in order to make the essay easier to read. There are a number of different skills you can use. Writing good research will definitely help you. Reading with a good comprehension and reading fluency will help you come up with a good essay.One of the most important things to keep in mind is the sample should be written from a student's point of view. So you should avoid giving any one person's opinion or feelings any power over the rest of the essay. Try to get the whole class involved. Once you get your class involved, you'll find it will be easier to write a good one.If you take a look at some of the samples, you'll notice that they tend to deal with common problems and situations. If you can see that many of them are written this way, then you can make sure that you don't have any of these things. It's important to try to write an essay this way, but not everybody is an artist.Sometimes an essay isn 't quite what you had in mind, but sometimes you just need to go back to the drawing board. Sometimes when we put in a lot of effort and then something comes up that doesn't look like it should, it's best to go back and change the idea a little bit. No matter what, you should always think of what the end result should be. Try to think of a theme that will pull together all of the essays you are working on.Finally, writing is the hardest part of the whole process. Even if you go over all of your options and decide that the sample essay does not suit you, you should still go back and rewrite it yourself. You'll soon get the hang of it.

Compare And Contrast B Cells And T Cells Biology Essay Essays

Compare And Contrast B Cells And T Cells Biology Essay Essays Compare And Contrast B Cells And T Cells Biology Essay Paper Compare And Contrast B Cells And T Cells Biology Essay Paper The epithelial surfaces of the organic structure service as an effectual barrier against most micro-organisms, and they are quickly repaired if wounded. Adaptive unsusceptibility is initiated when an innate immune response fails to extinguish a new infection, whereby an activated antigen showing cells ( APCs ) bearing pathogen s antigens are delivered to the run outing lymphoid tissues. An adaptative immune response differs from the innate unsusceptibility in its ability to aim constructions that are specific to peculiar strains and discrepancies of pathogen. T cells are produced in the bone marrow. They are transported still, as pro-thymocytes to the Thymus where they undergo the procedure of ripening and choice. The ordinance of T cell ripening in the Thymus is termed central tolerance . During gestation, most T cells generated bear the gamma/deta T cell receptor ( TcR ) on their surface. In the grownup, most T cells bear the alpha/beta TcR. The freshly formed TcR so, has to be tested for acknowledgment of self-MHC/peptide. The T cells are tested at a phase of development known as dual positive, intending that they bear both CD4 and CD8 receptors on their surface. Cells with TcRs that recognize self-MHC/peptide with really low affinity will decease. This procedure is known as decease by disregard. Cells with TcRs with medium affinity for MHC receive endurance signals and undergo a procedure known as positive choice. Finally, cells which receive a high affinity signal via their TcR dice by programmed cell death, a procedure known as neg ative choice. Cells that interact with MHC category I become CD8 positive T cell, and those that interact with MHC category II become CD4 positive T cells, before migrating out into the peripheral lymphoid system ( Wood P, 2006 ) . Mature B cells, like T cell, are besides develop signifier pluripotent root cells. However unlike T cells lymphocytes, B cell ripening occurs in the bone marrow. There are four different phases of B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, immature B, and mature B cells. During its development, B cells get B cell surface marker look such as B220, CD19, CD20, etc. every bit good as antigen receptors. The stromal cells run alonging the bone marrow provide indispensable growing signals to developing B cells, including cytokines such as IL7 and cell to cell contact, via VLA4/VCAM and Kit/SCF. During B cell development, cistron section rearrangements take topographic point, merely like in T cells where TcR rearrangements ( cardinal tolerance ) besides occur. However, for B cells, the Ig heavy concatenation cistron venue ( variable-V, joining-J and diversity-D sections ) , situated on chromosome 14, rearranges. In hematopoietic root cells, the Ig heavy concatenation cistrons are in germline constel lation ( Kurosaki T et al. , 2009 ) . As B cells develop to pro-B cells, a D-J recombination is the first cistron rearrangement to take topographic point. The intervening Deoxyribonucleic acid is usually deleted from the chromosome as a circle. Gene rearrangements are mediated by recombinase activitng cistrons, RAG proteins. As the development B cell returns from pro- to pre-B cell phase, a V-DJ cistron agreement takes topographic point to organize the VDJ cryptography block that encodes the variable sphere on the antibody heavy concatenation. Gene rearrangement takes topographic point on both transcripts of chromosome 14 in a development B cell, but one time a productive VDJ block has been assembled on one chromosome 14, rearrangement ceases on the other chromosome, guaranting merely one type of Ig is produced by any individual B cell. This procedure is known as allelomorphic exclusion. If a development B cell fails to do a productive VDJ block, it will neglect to bring forth antib ody heavy concatenation and dice in the bone marrow ( Murphy K et Al, 2008 ) . T and B cell activation: T cell activation takes topographic point in run outing lymph nodes ( besides spleen ) near to site of infection. T cell recognizes antigen on MHC ( Major Histocompatibility Complex ) molecules becomes activated and differentiates to effector cells. Effector T cells migrate to site of infection and transport out effector maps. The T lymphocytes arrive through venulas, and cross through the endothelial to the lymph nodes. Antigen showing cells such ( APC ) such as dendritic cells, and macrophages presented antigens to T cells. On acknowledgment of the antigen, a low affinity interaction is formed. These T cells so leave lymph node though the lymphatic system. Those T cells that recognize the antigen s wall with high affinity will be retained and the procedure of proliferation and distinction occurs. However, initial B cell activation takes topographic point in T cell zone of secondary lymphatic tissues ( i.e. in lyhmph nodes ) . Mostly IgM bring forthing plasma cells are produced at t his province. B cells, unlike T cells, are activated by the ineraction with antigen-specific T cell, by linked acknowledgment. Antigen-activated B cell migrates to B cell country of lymph nodes to organize organized originative Centres, where extra B cell distinction procedures take topographic point. It is of import to observe that T cells recognize the peptide, while B cells recognize the coat protein. For T and B lymph cell activation 2 signals are hypothesized to be required. First, the antigen stimulus signal and secondly, the co-stimulatory stimulation. The absence of the 2nd signal consequences in anergy or programmed cell death. CD28/B7 interaction is the co-stimulatory signals for T cells while CD40/CD40 ligand, on the activated T cells, interaction is for B cells. For both T and B lymph cells, in it resting G0 cell rhythm, the cell appear to hold a big karyon, with small cytol and demo small grounds of cell organs. However, when these cells enter G1/S/G2 cell rhythm, cell shows an addition in cell size, chromatin de-condensation is seen. Cell division occurs quickly, bring forthing effecter cells of either T or B lymph cells. Effector T cells include Th1, Th2 and T regulative, every bit good as T cytotoxic cell and memory T cells. On the other manus, effecter B cells include plasma cell and memory B cell. T and B cell effecter maps: B cell response to T-dependent protein antigen consequences in originative Centres formation in B cell countries of lymph nodes, and specialised procedures such as Ig class-switching, bodily mutant and affinity ripening, memory B cell and plasma cell coevals take topographic point at that place. Emerging form originative Centres are somatically mutated and class-switched B cells, which no longer merely bring forth IgM. Memory B cells are durable, resting and re-circulating cells, responsible for immunisation portion which helpto generate rapid and vigorous immune response on 2nd brush for that specific antigen. Plamablast cells migrate to other sites such as bone marrow, and go plasma cells, bring forthing big sums of secreted antibody. Some of which can populate for long periods. The effecter maps of B cells refer to what antibodies do after their contact with the antigen. The antibody effecter maps include neutralisation, complement arrested development ( IgM, IgG1/2/3 ) , oposoniz ation and antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. In contrast, T cell effecter maps differ significantly from B cell effecter maps. Antigen showing cells present peptide via MHC which can either interact with CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. Helper T cells are defined by the cytokines they produce. Naive CD4+ T cells ( Th0 ) , on interaction with APC, can distinguish to Th1 or Th2 cells, depending on the cytokine environment. Th1 cells co-ordinate inflammatory immune responses to intracellular pathogens while Th2 cells aid B cells to do antibodies required for immune responses to extracellular pathogens, this is known as humoral unsusceptibility. Th1 and Th2 cells both act to advance the coevals of more leucocytes. Besides Th0/Th1/Th2, other CD4+ T cell subsets exist ( Zhu J et al. , 2010 ) . Resting T cells can distinguish into activated assistant T cell, every bit good as activated cytotoxic T cell ( CD8+ T cell ) . Initially, CD8+ T cells interact with possible mark cells via low affinity/non-specific interactions between adhesion molecules on the T cell ( LFA-1 and CD2 ) and the mark cell ( ICAM1, ICAM2 ) . This interaction has no consequence on the cytoskeleton of the T cell and is a transeunt interaction unless acknowledgment of specific peptide: MHC composites occurs. If peptide: MHC I complex is present, the affinity of the adhesion molecule interaction additions and there is constellating of T cell receptor and associated molecules at the point of contact with the mark cell organizing the immunological synapse. This besides signals for cytoskeletal rearrangements organized by the microtubule forming complex which focuses the cytotoxic granules of the T cell at the point of contact with the mark. Notice here, that T cells, unlike B cells do non bring forth antibodies against antigens. Granules incorporating perforin and other enzymes including granzymes are released and bring on the activation of the cathepsin tracts in the mark cell taking to apoptosis. CD8+ T cells can besides kill mark cells via the Fas/FasL t ract which besides induces programmed cell death ( Peter EJ 2007 ) . In decision, adaptative immune responses occur when single lymphocytes capable of reacting to antigen proliferate and differentiate to go an antigen-specific effecter cells and memory cells. The procedure of lymph cell cell rhythm patterned advance, proliferation and distinction in response to antigen and stimulation is known as lymphocyte activation. B cell activation is initiated by the ligation of the B cell receptor ( BCR ) with antigen and finally consequences in the production of protective antibodies against potentially infective encroachers. While naif or memory T cells encounter foreign antigen along with proper co-stimulation they undergo rapid and extended clonal enlargement. In human, this type of proliferation is reasonably alone to cells of the adaptative immune system and requires a considerable outgo of energy and cellular resources.